低压条件下蓄水灌灌水均匀度实验分析  

Experimental Analysis of Irrigation Uniformity of Storing Irrigation Based on the Low-head Irrigation

作　　者：巴合特别克[1] 张胜江 虎胆.吐马尔白 加孜拉 马合木江.艾合买提 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆水利水电科学研究院,乌鲁木齐830049

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2012年第1期165-169,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B05);新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(201130103-5)

摘　　要：【目的】研究分析毛管供水长度与管径、供水压力、蓄水时间、不同规格末级导水微管水量对灌水均匀度的影响关系。【方法】通过不同低压条件下单条供水毛管上各蓄流灌水器的流量观测试验,得到不同的供水管长度与直径,不同的供水压力下的蓄流灌水器出水流量值以及分析了蓄流灌水器出水量均匀度。【结果】当其它影响因素相等条件下,灌水均匀度随供水毛管铺设长度的减少而增加,随管径的增大而增大;灌水均匀度随供水时间延长而增长;末级导水微管管长为3.5 m,管径为4 mm的微管最合理。【结论】当供水压力从30～60 cm变化时,供水压力对灌水均匀度没有太大影响,并且灌水器均匀度都能达到0.9以上。这表明蓄流灌溉方式是解决和处理自然低水头微灌系统灌溉均匀性差的一种有效技术方法。[ Objective]The purpose of the project aims to research and analyze the influence of capillary length and diameter, water supply pressure, water storage time, different specifications of microtubule capillary affecting irrigation homogeneous degrees. [ Method ] Through different emitter flow observation tests under low single supply capillaryt, values of emitter water flow and irrigation uniformity of storing irrigation by different water supply pipe length and diameter were got, and different water volumes under pressure were analyzed. [ Result ] When other influencing factors are of equal conditions, irrigation evenness increases with water supply capillary length reduced and with the pipe diameter increased; Irrigation evenness also increases with water supply time extended; The 3. 5 m length of the end tube with 4 mm diameter is the most reasonable. [ Conclusion ] When supply pressure varies within the range of 30 to 60 cm, water supply pressure has no big effect on the irrigation and the irrigation can meet all the homogeneous degree above 0.9. This suggests that storage irrigation methods to solve and tackle the poor uniformity of natural low head micro spray irrigation systems are an effective technical approach.

关 键 词：蓄流灌溉 低水头 灌水均匀度 供水毛管 蓄流灌水器 

分 类 号：S275.2[农业科学—农业水土工程]