基于地貌结构与汇水特征的沟谷节点提取与分析——以陕北黄土高原为例  

Extraction and analysis of gully nodes based on geomorphological structures and catchment characteristics: A case study in the loess plateau of North Shaanxi province

作　　者：朱红春[1,2] 汤国安[1] 吴良超[3] 钱柯健[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210046 [2]山东科技大学测绘科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590 [3]中煤航测遥感局,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《水科学进展》2012年第1期7-13,共7页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41001294;40930531)~~

摘　　要：沟谷节点是流域中线状沟谷或河网的交汇点,集中反映了沟谷的地貌结构和水文特征。有效获取并分析沟谷节点的结构与特征规律,对于系统、深入地研究流域地貌的空间形态结构、径流特征具有重要的作用。利用陕北黄土高原多地貌类型为实验区,设计并实现了基于高精度DEM的沟谷节点提取算法模型和等级标定方法,获取了实验区各级沟谷节点的数量和汇水值;运用数学模型分析法,分析了沟谷节点的数量和汇水值的分级数量关系,得到了具体的数学模拟方程;同时,运用等差分级的方式,分析了汇水累积量级差在不同地貌区的差异,初步探讨了地表形态在空间上的分异规律。A gully node is the intersection of gully or river networks,which reflects the geomorphological structure and hydrological characteristic of the gully area.Effective extraction and analysis of gully nodes are essential to understand the spatial structure,morphology,and hydrological characteristic of a catchment.An algorithm based on high resolution digital elevation model（DEM） data is proposed for extracting gully nodes together with the classification method.The algorithm and method are tested in an experimental area on the Loess Plateau of North Shaanxi Province.The numbers of gully nodes of different order gullies and the flow accumulation value associated with each gully node are obtained.The relationship between the numbers of gully nodes in any given order class and the sum of corresponding flow accumulation values is obtained using a mathematical model.The variations in the spatial distribution of flow accumulation values in different geomorphological regions are studied using the arithmetic progression classification method.Finally,the spatial regularity of geomorphological features is preliminary discussed.

关 键 词：数字高程模型 沟谷节点 分级 提取与分析 

分 类 号：TP343[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]