Probabilistic ecological risk assessment for three chlorophenols in surface waters of China  

作　　者：Liqun Xing Hongling Liu John E Giesy Xiaowei Zhang Hongxia Yu 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China. [2]Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada [3]Department of Biology ＆ Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China [4]Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

出　　处：《Journal of Environmental Sciences》2012年第2期329-334,共6页环境科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20737001,20977047);the Major State Basic Research Development Program (No.2008CB418102);the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No. 200802841030);the National Major Project of Science & Technology Ministry of China(No.2008ZX08526-003);supported by the Canada Research Chair Program,and is at-large Chair Professor at the Department of Biology and Chemistry and State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution,City University of Hong Kong;the Einstein Professor Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Visiting Professor Program of King Saud University

摘　　要：Individual and combined assessment of risks of adverse effects to aquatic ecosystems of three chlorophenols（CPs）,including 2,4dichlorophenol（2,4-DCP）,2,4,6-trichlorophenol（2,4,6-TCP） and pentachlorophenol（PCP）,were conducted.A probabilistic approach based on the concentrations of CPs in surface waters of China was used to determine the likelihood of adverse effects.The potential risk of CPs in surface waters of China was determined to be of concern,especially PCP and mixtures of CPs.The risks of adverse effects were examined as the joint probabilities of exposure and response.The joint probability for PCP was 0.271 in the worst case and 0.111 in the median case,respectively.Based on the cumulative probability,5% of aquatic organisms included in the assessment would be affected 21.36% of the time in the worst case and 5.99% of the time in median case,respectively.For the mixtures of CPs,the joint probability were 0.171 in the worst case and 0.503 in median case,respectively and 5% of species would be affected 49.83% of the time for the worst case and 12.72% in the median case,respectively.Risks of effects of the individual CPs,2,4-DCP and 2,4,6-TCP were deemed to be acceptable with a overlapping probability of 0.1 with 5% of species being affected less than 4% of the time.Individual and combined assessment of risks of adverse effects to aquatic ecosystems of three chlorophenols（CPs）,including 2,4dichlorophenol（2,4-DCP）,2,4,6-trichlorophenol（2,4,6-TCP） and pentachlorophenol（PCP）,were conducted.A probabilistic approach based on the concentrations of CPs in surface waters of China was used to determine the likelihood of adverse effects.The potential risk of CPs in surface waters of China was determined to be of concern,especially PCP and mixtures of CPs.The risks of adverse effects were examined as the joint probabilities of exposure and response.The joint probability for PCP was 0.271 in the worst case and 0.111 in the median case,respectively.Based on the cumulative probability,5% of aquatic organisms included in the assessment would be affected 21.36% of the time in the worst case and 5.99% of the time in median case,respectively.For the mixtures of CPs,the joint probability were 0.171 in the worst case and 0.503 in median case,respectively and 5% of species would be affected 49.83% of the time for the worst case and 12.72% in the median case,respectively.Risks of effects of the individual CPs,2,4-DCP and 2,4,6-TCP were deemed to be acceptable with a overlapping probability of 0.1 with 5% of species being affected less than 4% of the time.

关 键 词：probabilistic risk assessment CHLOROPHENOLS surface water joint probability curve 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程] O413.1[理学—理论物理]