浅谈医用加速器工作人员所面对的工作环境  

Discussion about Working Environment of Medical Accelerator Staff

作　　者：赵锐 王晓萍 刘海 丁巍 

机构地区：[1]解放军81医院放疗科,南京210002

出　　处：《医疗卫生装备》2012年第1期115-116,126,共3页Chinese Medical Equipment Journal

摘　　要：目的:通过分析计算并实测医用加速器工作环境各个观测点的辐射平均量值及相关有害气体等。方法:以I-AEA的47号报告和NCRP的151号报告为基础进行相关计算并与相应检测仪器实测值进行比较。结果:加速器在15 MV X线能量时,开40 cm×40 cm野,实际测量值初级、次级防护墙外工作场所的射线剂量率为0.01～0.5μSv/h;防护门处总的剂量当量Hw为1.81 mSv/周;放疗技师每年所接受的内照射剂量约为4 mSv,而其中由感生放射性所造成的剂量占97%以上;加速器机房内有害气体:臭氧浓度范围为0.021 4～0.128 4 mg/m3,氮氧化物浓度范围为0.018～0.067 mg/m3。结论:指出了放疗工作中应注意的防护重点,同时也给放疗工作人员提供一个比较客观的数据,以为其平时在工作中做好自身防护提供参考。Objective To calculate and measure the working environment of medical accelerator staff and get the average values of each observation point and record the related value of harmful gases. Methods With the IAEA＇s 47 report and the NCRP No.151 report, the values got form the con＇esponding testing instruments were calculated and compared. Results The average values of each observation point was gotten, and the related value of harmful gases was recorded. The actual workplace ray dose rate of primary and secondary protective wall was 0.01-0.5 uSv/h when the accelerator energy was 15 MV X-line with an 40 cm ×40 cm test field. The total dose equivalent Hw was 1.81 mSv/week on the protective door. The radiation received by each technician was about 4 mSv, of which the induced radioactivity dose accounted for more than 97%. The harmful gases in the accelerator room： ozone concentration range was 0.021 4-0.128 4 mg/m3, and the nitrogen oxide concentrations ranged from 0.018 - 0.067 mg/m3. Conlusion The emphasis that should be paid attention to was indicated, meanwhile an objective work data was provided to the accelerator staff for an appropriate self-protection.

关 键 词：医用加速器 射线剂量率 感生放射性 感生放射性气体 臭氧浓度 中子 

分 类 号：TH774[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]