常见刀具理化性能的差异分析  

Difference Analysis on Physical and Chemical Properties of Common Cutters

作　　者：刘紫微[1] 吴伟[1] 丁敏菊 张成功[2] 夏攀[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所高性能陶瓷与超微结构国家重点实验室,上海200050 [2]上海市公安局物证鉴定中心(上海市现场物证重点实验室--省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地),上海200083

出　　处：《理化检验（物理分册）》2012年第1期18-22,25,共6页Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing)

基　　金：上海市现场物证重点实验室开放课题

摘　　要：对市场常见4个厂家生产的17把刀具进行显微结构、化学成分、X射线衍射和洛氏硬度测试,分析这些不同厂家生产的刀具在理化性能方面的差异,以期为现场物证分析提供科学依据和数据积累。结果表明:B厂与C厂生产的刀具气孔较多,A厂与D厂生产的刀具气孔较少,且仅C厂生产的刀具大量气孔贯通呈长条状,而不象B厂生产的刀具中的气孔所呈的圆形。刀具的铬、铁含量的均匀性与稳定性比较可见:A厂生产的刀具最优,C厂生产的刀具最差,B厂与D厂生产的刀具居中;铬含量稳定性最差的C厂生产的刀具其富铬第二相最多。大部分刀具有两相,但是D厂生产的刀具仅有主相Cr1.07Fe18.9,其它3个厂家生产的刀具中菜刀、斩切刀除主相外还有第二相CrFe7C0.45,水果刀、剪刀仅有主相。A厂生产的刀具洛氏硬度的均匀性最好,而C厂生产的刀具洛氏硬度的均匀性最差。The physical and chemical properties, such as microstructure, chemical compositions, X-ray diffraction and Rockwell hardness, of 17 commercial stainless steel cutters samples from 4 different factories were investigated. The results showed that the porosity for samples from factory B and C was larger than that of samples from factory A and C cutters; and for samples from factory C there were a large number of pores which is elongated instead of round shape as shown in samples from factory B. Regarding the uniformity and stability of Cr and Fe content , samples from factory A were best and they were worst for samples from factory C. For most of samples, there were two phases. However, samples from factory D only bad the main phase Cr1. 07Fe18. 9. The kitchen knives and chopping knives from the factory A, B and C had the second phase, which is contributed to the hardness of samples; the fruit knives and scissors only had the main phase. The uniformity of Rockwell hardness in different parts of samples from factory A was best, while samples from factory C were worst.

关 键 词：常见刀具 理化性能 差异 

分 类 号：TG711[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具]