African Cassava Whitefly,Bemisia tabaci,Resistance in African and South American Cassava Genotypes  

作　　者：Christopher A Omongo Robert Kawuki Antony C Bellotti Titus Alicai Yona Baguma M N Maruthi Anton Bua John Colvin 

机构地区：[1]National Crops Resources Research Institute,Namulonge,P.O.Box 7084,Kampala,Uganda [2]International Centre for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT),A.A.6713,Cali,Colombia [3]Natural Resources Institute,University of Greenwich,Central Avenue,Chatham Maritime,Chatham,Kent ME4 4TB,UK

出　　处：《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》2012年第2期327-336,共10页农业科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：funded by the Department for International Development(DFID),UK,for the benefit of developing countries under the Tropical Whitefly IPM Project(R8041/ZA0484),managed by the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture

摘　　要：The whitefly,Bemisia tabaci,is a major pest of cassava,particularly in Africa where it is responsible both for the transmission of plant viruses and,increasingly,for direct damage due to feeding by high populations.To date,there have been no practical solutions to combat this emerging problem,due to the inability of the subsistence farmers that grow cassava to afford expensive inputs such as insecticides.A programme of research was carried out linking institutes in Africa,the UK and South America,to identify possible resistance sources in cassava to the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci.The South American genotype MEcu 72 and several Ugandan cassava landraces including Ofumba Chai,Nabwire 1 and Mercury showed good levels of resistance to B.tabaci.Field and screen-house experiments showed that all of the improved,high-yielding cassava mosaic disease（CMD）resistant cassava genotypes assessed were highly susceptible to B.tabaci and supported high populations of all life stages.These data support the hypothesis that the continuing high populations of cassava B.tabaci in Uganda are due,in part,to the widespread adoption of CMD-resistant cassava varieties during the CMD pandemic.They also show that the whitefly,Aleurotrachelus socialis,resistance present in the South American cassava genotypes could have broader applicability in the Old World.The whitefly,Bemisia tabaci,is a major pest of cassava,particularly in Africa where it is responsible both for the transmission of plant viruses and,increasingly,for direct damage due to feeding by high populations.To date,there have been no practical solutions to combat this emerging problem,due to the inability of the subsistence farmers that grow cassava to afford expensive inputs such as insecticides.A programme of research was carried out linking institutes in Africa,the UK and South America,to identify possible resistance sources in cassava to the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci.The South American genotype MEcu 72 and several Ugandan cassava landraces including Ofumba Chai,Nabwire 1 and Mercury showed good levels of resistance to B.tabaci.Field and screen-house experiments showed that all of the improved,high-yielding cassava mosaic disease（CMD）resistant cassava genotypes assessed were highly susceptible to B.tabaci and supported high populations of all life stages.These data support the hypothesis that the continuing high populations of cassava B.tabaci in Uganda are due,in part,to the widespread adoption of CMD-resistant cassava varieties during the CMD pandemic.They also show that the whitefly,Aleurotrachelus socialis,resistance present in the South American cassava genotypes could have broader applicability in the Old World.

关 键 词：whitefly resistance CASSAVA direct pest Africa South America 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]