株型调控对夏玉米冠层结构及生理性状的影响  

Effect of plant type regulation on canopy structure and physiology of summer maize

作　　者：黄收兵[1] 徐丽娜[1] 陶洪斌[1] 董志强[2] 王璞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2012年第1期40-45,共6页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家"973"计划项目(2009CB118602);国家玉米产业技术体系项目(CARS-02)

摘　　要：以紧凑型玉米品种郑单958为材料,以"金得乐"化控试剂为调控株型的手段,在紧凑型的基础上进一步优化玉米的株型,挖掘玉米的增产潜力。试验设为3个密度:60 000、75 000和90 000株/hm2,每个密度下设置相同的化控处理:T(6+12)6、12叶展期分别叶面喷施2.25和1.5mL/L"金得乐"(EC)试剂;T(6+8)6、8叶展期分别叶面喷施1.5mL/L EC试剂;CK对照不喷施。结果表明:在不同的密度下存在着不同的理想株型。中低密度下较为理想的株型为穗位低(占株高的40%),穗位层短即棒三叶叶间距小(占株高的17%),穗位层叶面积大(占整株叶面积的29%),穗上层叶片紧凑,叶间距大。高密度下较为理想株型为穗位低(占株高35%),穗下叶面积大(占整株叶面积的47%),穗位及穗上叶片紧凑,穗位叶面积较小(占整株叶面积的26%)、穗位及穗上叶间距大。The aim of this study was to improve canopy structure of compact type maize under high plant population density,and explore summer maize yield potential,by using compact maize hybrid zhengdan958,and plant growth regulator JinDeLe.The same three treatments were conducted under three planting densities（60 000,75 000 and 90 000 plants/hm2） which were spraying 2.25 mL/LEC at the 6th-leaf stage and spraying 1.5 mL/L EC at 12th-leaf stage named T（6＋12）,spraying 1.5 mL/L EC at the 6th-leaf stage and 8th-leaf stage,respectively,named T（6＋8）,no spraying as control named CK.Our preliminary view in this study is that different ideal plant types exist within different densities.The character of ideal plant type in middle and low density contains that the ear height is low（40% of plant height）,the length of ear layer（which is the addition of three joint length,the ear joint length,the first joint length above ear,and the first joint length below ear） is short（17% of plant height）,the leaf area of ear layer is large（29% of total leaf area）,and the structure above ear is compact.Under high density,the character is that the ear height is 35% of plant height,leaf area below ear is 42% of plant leaf area,the leaves of both the ear layer and the layer above ear are compact,and the leaf area of ear layer is 26% of plant leaf area.

关 键 词：夏玉米 化学调控 密度 株型 冠层结构 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]