青海察尔汗盐湖固体钾盐物质组成及意义  

Composition in Solid Potash Deposits of Qarhan Salt Lake,Qinghai Province and Its Significance

作　　者：李波涛[1] 赵元艺[2] 叶荣[1] 郝爱兵[3] 王石军 焦鹏程[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [3]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081 [4]青海盐湖工业集团有限公司技术中心,青海格尔木816000

出　　处：《现代地质》2012年第1期71-84,共14页Geoscience

基　　金：科技部国家高技术研究发展计划("863"计划)课题"青海别勒滩低品位固体钾盐液化开发的关键技术"(2006AA06Z133);国土资源部"金土工程"课题"我国钾盐资源潜力数据库建设"(JTXM-DW-KZ4-04)

摘　　要：察尔汗盐湖为我国目前最大的钾肥产地。根据钾盐层的矿物组成可以确定钾盐开发的难易程度以及化学组成可以确定钾盐富集层位并可对资源量进行估计的原则,通过在察尔汗盐湖别勒滩区段和察尔汗区段野外系统取样和室内的分析测试,研究了固体钾盐层的矿物组成、化学组成和物理参数。结果表明,别勒滩区段钾盐层最主要的钾盐矿物是杂卤石,其矿物晶形完好,排列紧密,表明液化开发至"中期阶段"即可利用,此段22.42 m以上钾盐的资源量约为2.5亿吨,主要赋存层位为断续的5段;察尔汗区段钾盐层最主要的钾盐矿物为光卤石,其矿物晶体排列疏松,表明液化开发到"晚期阶段"才可利用,察尔汗盐湖3区段3.55 m以上资源量共约为0.89亿吨,钾盐的主要赋存层位为浅表的60 cm以浅的盐层。对该区段钾盐的物理参数进行探讨,为察尔汗盐湖的进一步研究和固体钾盐的开发提供了新资料。At present,Qarhan salt lake is the largest potash producing area in China. Based on the principle that mineral composition in potash deposits could determine potassium mining process,and that chemical composition could determine potassium-rich layers and estimate the amount of K resources,mineral composition,chemical composition and physical parameters of solid potash strata were studied by analyzing the samples from the field of Bieletan section and Qarhan section in Qarhan salt lake.Results show that the characteristics are as following： the main potassium mineral from Bieletan is polyhalite,and crystals of salt minerals are shaped perfectly and arranged closely,which indicates that the middle phase of liquefaction is available,and the resource quantity is about 250 million tons above the 22.42 m in Bieletan section,and there are five main occurrence layers for 0-0.4 m,2.9-8.1 m,8.90-9.70 m,11.4-12.4 m and 15.99-16.33 m, respectively;the main potassium minerals are carnallite,and crystals of salt minerals are loosely arranged,which indicates that the last phase of liquefaction is available,and the average concentration of KCl is 1.68% above the 3.55 m,and the main layer of potash is located above 60 cm,the resource quantity is about 89 million tons above the 3.55 m in Qarhan salt lake except Bieletan section.The research provides new data for the further research and the exploitation of solid potash.

关 键 词：察尔汗盐湖 别勒滩区段 察尔汗区段 固体钾盐 青海省 

分 类 号：P619.211[天文地球—矿床学]