河北省石家庄等三市麻疹疫苗初始强化免疫效果分析  

Analysis on the Effect of Measles Catch-up Mass Immunization Campaign in Three Areas of Hebei Province

作　　者：梁勇 刘兰芬 王岩 吴凯 孙印旗 

机构地区：[1]河北省卫生防疫站,保定071000

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2000年第1期5-7,24,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：为了加速控制麻疹,河北省于1998年4～5月对石家庄、张家口、承德三市8个月～14岁儿童,进行了一次麻疹疫苗(MV)初始强化免疫。用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测强化免疫前后目标人群麻疹IgG抗体,监测麻疹病例。结果:强化免疫后人群麻疹抗体阳性率上升至997%,预防麻疹显性感染的抗体滴度≥1:800的比例上升至9800%,几何平均滴度倒数(GMRT)从57167上升至211817,增长371倍;1998年三市麻疹发病数比前3年平均下降8978%,麻疹暴发得到有效控制。由此可见,在保持较高常规免疫覆盖率的基础上,实施MV初始强化免疫,对于迅速提高人群麻疹抗体水平,减少易感人群的比例,控制麻疹的暴发或流行效果显著。In order to speed up measles control and elimination program, we carried out in three areas (Shijiazhuang, Zhangjiakou, Chengde) of Hebei Province a measles catch -up mass immunization campaign involving persons of 8 months -14 years old, in April -May 1998, regardless of their prior vaccination status. Sera of the target population were examined for measles IgG antibody with ELISA before and after the catch-up mass immunization campaign respectively. The measles surveillance system was established for measles cases and outbreaks. After the catch-up mass immunization campaign, the positive rate of measles antibody reached 99.70%, the percentage of the antibody titer, as shown ≥1∶800 for preventing measles positive infection, reached 98.00%, GMRT increased from 571.67 to 2118.17(3.71 times). In 1998, measles cases in three areas decreased averagely by 89.78% as comparing with that of three years before the campaign. No measles outbreak was found. The results showed that on the basis of a high routine immunization coverage rate of measles vaccine the catch-up mass campaign may quickly raise the measles antibody level of the population, reduce the susceptible persons, control measles outbreak and chieve an very effective result.

关 键 词：麻疹 疫苗 强化免疫 免疫效果 

分 类 号：R511.101[医药卫生—内科学]