一起幼儿园手足口病暴发调查处理  

Investigation of the outbreak of hand-foot-mouth disease in a Kindergarten

作　　者：吕锐利[1] 马西平[1] 赵国[1] 张艳丽[1] 李巧存[1] 

机构地区：[1]平顶山市疾病预防控制中心,河南平顶山467000

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2012年第1期55-56,71,共3页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解手足口病在幼儿园中的发病情况,为制定有效的控制措施提供依据。方法采用回顾性流行病学调查方法对平顶山市一起幼儿园手足口病疫情发病的患儿进行调查,用描述性流行病学方法描述该起疫情的流行病学特征。结果此次疫情共发病15例,罹患率为3.69%。病例主要集中在小班,发病例数占总发病数的93.33%,罹患率为9.09%,在各年级中最高,提示手足口发病以小班为主;发病年龄集中在3～4岁组,占全部发病例数的86.67%,提示3～4岁年龄阶段的儿童可能为手足口病的高发人群;实验室检测发现肠道病毒阳性13例,阳性率为86.67%,其中EV71阳性11例,占阳性标本的84.62%,是导致本次幼儿园手足口病暴发的病原;调查发现,首例患儿出现以来,未见明显发病高峰,提示可能与本次疫情措施得力有关。结论隔离传染源、开窗通风、严格落实消毒措施、培养幼儿良好的卫生习惯是最有效的控制措施。Objective To analyze the epidemic tendency of hand-foot-mouth disease in kindergartens,and explore the effective measures for the prevention and control of infections.Methods Retrospective epidemiological method was used to investigate the children with the disease,and descriptive epidemiological method was applied to describe the epidemiological characteristics of this outbreak.Results 15 children were infected and the morbidity was 3.69 %.In all the infected children,93.33 % were concentrated in the small classes,86.67 % were the 3～4 years age group children.So the small class children and the 3～4 years old children may be the high-risk population;Laboratory testing found that enterovirus-positive in 13 cases,the positive rate was 86.67 %,which EV71 positive in 11 cases,accounting for 84.62 % positive samples,led to this outbreak of HFMD.It also found that there was no significant incidence peak,which may be relating with effective measures.Conclusion Isolation source of infection,window ventilation,strict implementation of disinfection measures,develop health habits is the most effective control measures.

关 键 词：幼儿园 手足口病 暴发调查 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]