中国主要农业源温室气体排放及减排对策  

Greenhouse gas emissions from major agricultural activities in China and corresponding mitigation strategies

作　　者：章永松[1] 柴如山[1] 付丽丽[1] 刘立娟[1] 董慧芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院教育部环境修复与生态健康重点实验室/浙江省亚热带土壤与植物营养重点实验室,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2012年第1期97-107,共11页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家科技部农业科技成果转化资金资助项目(2010GB23600669);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30871590);浙江省重大科技专项资助项目(2008C12061-1)

摘　　要：近年来温室气体的大量排放以及由此造成的全球气候变暖引起了人们的广泛关注,减缓温室气体排放已成为一个急需解决的问题.CO2、CH4和N2O是几种主要的温室气体,在全球变暖中起着非常重要的作用.农业生产活动是温室气体CH4和N2O最重要的排放源之一,本文从减少水稻田和反刍动物CH4气体排放、利用农业有机废弃物进行CO2气体施肥以减少秸秆燃烧和畜禽粪便随意堆置过程中CH4和N2O排放以及调整农田氮肥施用方法减少土壤N2O排放等几个方面总结了在中国农业生产过程中可以减缓温室气体排放的一些措施,以期在这些方面为中国温室气体减排和缓解全球气候变暖作出积极的贡献.In recent years,the issue of large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions and greenhouse effect induced by them has already aroused people＇s great attention.Reducing greenhouse gas emission has become an urgent problem,which should be solved as soon as possible.CO2,CH4 and N2O are the major greenhouse gases,which play very important role in global warming.Agriculture is one of the most important greenhouse gases（CH4 and N2O） emission sources.For the purpose of making a positive contribution in reducing China＇s greenhouse gas emission and relieving global warming,several controlling methods for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Chinese agriculture were elaborated from the following aspects： reducing CH4 emission from the rice fields and ruminant animals,utilization of agricultural organic wastes for CO2 fertilization for the purpose of avoiding CH4 and N2O emissions during the process of straw burning and animal manure random dumping,as well as the adjustment of application methods of nitrogen fertilizer for reducing N2O emission from the soil.

关 键 词：中国农业 温室气体 CH4 N2O 减排对策 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]