渝北区1～59岁人群乙型病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查及免疫控制效果分析报告  

Seroepidemiological Investigation and Analysis on Control Effect of HBV Immunity Among 1～59 Years Old Crowd in Yubei District of Chongqing

作　　者：任强[1] 何九宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市渝北区疾病预防控制中心,重庆401120

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2012年第2期190-192,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市渝北区1~59岁不同人群的乙型病毒性肝炎(以下简称乙肝或HBV)血清免疫水平及感染现状,为评价本地区免疫预防效果,改进免疫控制策略提供科学依据。方法采用按地区人口容量比例多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,在1~59岁不同人群中抽取5 510人进行血清流行病学调查,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法对每份血样进行乙肝五项免疫标志物检测。结果所有数据标化后:单纯乙肝表面抗体(抗-HBs)情况,1~59岁人群总体阳性率为20.60%,其中,1~14岁组为47.41%,15~24岁组为20.87%,25~59岁组为10.66%;乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)情况,l^59岁人群总体携带率8.64%,其中,1~14岁组为3.71%,15~24岁组为8.04%,25~59岁组为10.70%。乙肝总体感染(HBV)情况,1~59岁人群总体感染率为41.39%,其中,1~14岁组的感染阳性率为12.11%,15~24岁组为29.48%,25~59岁组为50.22%。结论重庆市渝北区二十余年的乙肝疫苗接种,人群免疫水平显著提高,HBV感染率大幅下降。15岁以下人群免疫水平较五年前水平上升了20%,表面抗原携带率达到了国家控制目标。Objective To investigate the current situation of HBV infection and HBV immune level among the different crowd in Yubei District of Chongqing,and to provide a scientific basis for assessing the immunoprophylactic effect and developing the strategies of HBV control. Methods According to the proportion of population size of the region,multistage stratified random sampling was used to select 5,510 residents among the crowd aged from 1 to 59 years in Yubei District,and then seroepidemiological investigation was conducted among them.Hepatitis B virus markers（HBsAg,anti-HBs,anti-HBc,HBeAg,and anti-HBe） were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Results The total positive rate of anti-HBs of the surveyed crowd was 20.60%, among them,the positive rates of anti-HBs in the age groups of 1～14 years,15～24 years,and 25～59 years were 47.41%,20.87%,and 10.66%,respectively.The total positive rate of HBsAg of the surveyed crowd was 8.64%,among them,the positive rates of HBsAg in the age groups of 1～14 years,15～24 years,and 25～59 years were 3.71%,8.04%,and 10.70%,respectively.The total positive rate of HBV of the surveyed crowd was 41.39%,among them,the positive rates of HBV in the age groups of 1～14 years,15～24 years,and 25～59 years were 12.11%,29.48% and 50.22%,respectively. Conclusions After hepatitis B vaccination more than twenty years in Yubei District of Chongqing,the immunization level of hepatitis B among the crowd is significantly improved,and the rate of HBV infection has declined greatly.Compared with five years ago,the immunization level of the population aged under 15 years increases by 20%,the serum carrier rate of the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus（HBsAg） reaches the national control target.

关 键 词：乙型病毒性肝炎 血清学调查 乙肝疫苗 

分 类 号：R181.36[医药卫生—流行病学]