不同包膜控释氮肥对玉米氮素吸收和产量的影响  

Effect of Different Controlled-release N Fertilizers on Nitrogen Absorption and Yield of Maize

作　　者：吕娇[1] 李淑敏[1] 潘明阳[1] 刘昕昕[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2012年第1期46-50,共5页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31071867);第二批中国博士后科学基金(200902367);黑龙江省博士后科研启动资助金(LBH-Q10146)

摘　　要：采用田间试验方法研究施用树脂包膜控释尿素(TSCU)和树脂加硫包膜控释尿素(PSCU)对玉米植株全氮含量、吸氮量、肥料氮素吸收效率、产量以及土壤耕层硝态氮含量的影响。结果表明,TSCU和PSCU处理吸氮量分别达到163.32kg·hm-2和178.54kg·hm-2,比施普通尿素(PU)处理增加26.62kg·hm-2和41.84kg·hm-2,差异达显著水平;玉米产量比PU处理分别提高21.27%和33.36%;TSCU和PSCU处理的玉米氮素吸收效率比PU处理分别增加18.68%和27.47%;在玉米成熟后,控释肥处理耕层土壤硝态氮仍然高于普通尿素处理。在黑土生态条件下,与PU处理的玉米相比,TSCU和PSCU处理均有效提高了玉米的干物质量、吸氮量及产量,减少了环境污染,以PSCU处理控释效果最好。Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of TSCU and PSCU on the total N content, N up-take, N absorption rate, yield of maize plants, as well as soil NO3^--N content. The results showed that N up-take at mature maize in TSCU and PSCU treatments were 163.32 kg. hm^-2 and 178.54 kg. hm^-2 respectively, increased 26.62 kg. hm^-2 and 41.84 kg. hm^-2 respectively compared with PU treatment, a significant difference was observed between treatments. The yield of maize in TSCU and PSCU treatments increased 21.27% and 33.36% respectively compared with PU treatment. And N absorption rate increased 18.68% and 27.47% respectively. After the maize maturity, soil NO3^--N content in controlled-release N fertilizers treatments was still higher than that of PU treatment. Compared with PU treatment of maize that these two kinds of controlled release N fertilizers under the black soil ecological conditions, dry matter weight, N up-take and yield of maize were increased by TSCU and PSCU treatments, the environmental pollution was also reduced. The best controlled-release N fertilizer was PSCU.

关 键 词：控释氮肥 玉米 吸氮量 产量 氮素吸收效率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]