瑞香狼毒超临界萃取物的化学成分及其杀螨活性  

Componential Analysis and Acaricidal Activities of Stellera chamaejasme Extracts by Supercritical Fluid Extraction

作　　者：梁为[1,2] 成军[2,3] 卜春亚[2,3] 靳永胜[2,3] 师光禄[2,3] 王有年[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]农业部都市农业(北方)重点开放实验室,北京102206 [3]北京农学院,北京102206

出　　处：《林业科学》2012年第1期181-185,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30872029);北京市自然科学基金重点项目(6071001);北京市自然科学基金项目(6092007);北京市教委重点项目(KZ201010020016);北京市教委科研基地-科技创新平台建设项目(PXM2011014207000032);北京市教委科技成果转化与产业化项目(PXN2011014207000026);北京市属高校人才强教深化计划资助项目(PHR20090516;PHR200906134)

摘　　要：我国农业害螨的抗药性越发严重,在防治过程中害螨的天敌也受到杀伤,造成害螨的再猖獗,严重影响农作物及经济林的产量和品质（Kalaisekar et al.,2003;Shi et al.,2004）。瑞香狼毒（StelleraExtracts of Stellera chamaejasme by supercritical fluid extraction （SFE） were shown to have acaricidal activities against Tetranychus cinnabarinus. In this experiment, the supercritical parameters of CO2 in SFE were optimized for extracting the components of Stellera chamaejasme by uniform experimental design, and the extracts were further analyzed by GC/MS method. The results showed that the optimal condition of supercritical CO2 extraction was extracting pressure 49 MPa, extracting temperature 15 ℃, resolution pressure 43 MPa, and resolution temperature 6.25 ℃. Under the optimal condition, the theoretical extract rate was 3.77%, and the measured extract rate was 3.75%. Extracts of Stellera chamaejasme with the optimal SFE condition had higher contact and systemic toxicity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus in comparison with that by cold-soaked extraction method, with LC50 value of 2.407 mg·mL-1 and 2.990 mg·mL-1, respectively. There were 13 compounds detected in the extracts, which accounted for 99.99% of all components. The major compounds were squalene, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid （Z,Z）-,n-hexadecanoic acid,quinoline, and campesterol. Squalene was for the first time found from S. chamaejasme. Squalene was found to have contact and systemic toxicity against T. cinnabarinus, with LC50 value of 9.918 mg·mL-1 and 12.918 mg·mL-1, respectively.

关 键 词：瑞香狼毒 超临界萃取 GC/MS 朱砂叶螨 杀螨活性 角鲨烯 

分 类 号：S763.46[农业科学—森林保护学]