半干旱沙地草场地面节肢动物群落对封育措施的响应  

Response of the ground arthropod community to exclosure of desert steppe in semi-arid regions

作　　者：刘任涛[1] 李学斌[1] 辛明[1] 马琳[1] 刘凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《草业学报》2012年第1期66-74,共9页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101050);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB421303);国家科技支撑项目(2010BAC07B03);宁夏高等学校科学技术研究项目(NJY2011021)资助

摘　　要：以宁夏盐池国家级草原资源生态监测站为依托,选择荒漠草原典型冰草植被类型的封育(5年)与未封育样地对地面节肢动物、植物以及土壤性质进行了调查,同时分析了地面节肢动物对封育后植物和土壤变化的响应。结果表明,封育对地表植被和土壤性质均产生了明显的影响,尤其是植物个体数、高度和盖度以及生物量封育样地显著高于未封育样地(P<0.05)。调查样地共捕获地面节肢动物7目26科28个类群;封育围栏内外共有的优势类群为拟步甲科琵甲属,共有的常见类群有13个类群,共有类群数占总类群数的50%。并且,地面节肢动物对封育亦产生了积极的响应,动物群落个体数、类群数和多样性封育样地均高于未封育样地,但均没有达到显著水平(P>0.05),说明荒漠草原短期封育(5年)对地表植被和地面节肢动物具有不同的生态效应。相关分析表明,地面节肢动物类群数和Shannon指数均与土壤容重呈显著负相关(P<0.05),而优势度指数与土壤容重呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。表明土壤容重是地面节肢动物群落结构封育内外差异的主要影响因素,而且不同地面节肢动物类群对封育内外生境的选择性而表现出不同的响应特征。The National Range Resources Monitoring Station in Yanchi county of Ningxia was used for an investigation on the community structure of ground arthropods,vegetation and soil properties,and on the response of ground arthropods to exclosure of desert steppe in semi-arid regions.There were obvious effects of exclosure on ground vegetation and soil properties,especially in terms of plant density,vegetation height and coverage,which were all significantly（P〈0.05） higher under exclosure than non-exclosure.Totally,there were 26 groups and 28 families of 7 orders captured;the faunal group that came up in CK and exclosure at the same time was Blaps（Carabidae） for the dominant group,together with 13 common groups.Also,there was an active response of ground arthropods to exclosure,with higher density,group richness and diversity of arthropod community on exclosure grassland than on non-exclosure grassland,but the differences were not significant（P〉0.05）.It is suggested that short-term exclosure（five years） had different ecological effects on ground vegetation and arthropods in desert steppe.From correlation analysis,there was a negative correlation of group richness and Shannon index with soil bulk density（P〈0.05）,but positive for Simpson index with soil bulk density（P〈0.05）.The soil bulk density was the main factor for the difference of arthropod community structure under exclosure compared with non-exclosure.In addition,different response models were shown for each arthropod group to the selection of habitats between exclosure and non-exclosure.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 地面节肢动物 群落结构 封育 放牧 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]