假俭草抗旱变异体的筛选及其生理鉴定  

Selection and physiological identification of somaclonal variants for increased drought resistance of centipedegrass

作　　者：刘明稀[1,2] 卢少云[2] 郭振飞[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]华南农业大学生命科学学院,广东广州510642 [3]华南农业大学广东省森林植物种质创新与利用重点实验室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《草业学报》2012年第1期126-132,共7页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2006B20201035);湖南农业大学校青年基金(10QN30)资助

摘　　要：通过长期继代(24个月)假俭草胚性愈伤组织,诱发体细胞无性系变异的发生,从再生植株中筛选抗旱变异体,获得了5个变异体植株。生理检测结果表明,干旱处理后所有植株叶片的相对含水量下降,相对电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量升高,但抗旱变异体植株的相对含水量显著高于对照植株,相对电导率和MDA含量显著低于对照植株,表明变异体植株受干旱伤害程度较轻,提高了抗旱性。干旱处理前变异体植株与其对照植株间脯氨酸含量、SOD活性和CAT活性差异不大,干旱处理后所有植株的脯氨酸、SOD活性和CAT活性均升高,但变异体植株的脯氨酸含量低于对照植株,SOD和CAT活性高于对照植株。结果表明,变异体植株的抗旱性与在干旱条件下维持更高的SOD和CAT活性有关。Centipedegrass（Eremochloa ophiuroides） is an important warm-season turfgrass species,originated from China,but its drought resistance needs to be improved.In this paper selection and identification of somaclonal variants of centipedegrass for increased drought resistance were investigated.Embryogenic calli were subject to a long-term subculture for 24 months for induction of somaclonal variation.Five individual variants with improved drought resistance were selected and identified.Their physiological responses to drought were further measured.Relative water content（RWC）,ion leakage,and malondialdehyde（MDA） content decreased after drought stress by withholding irrigation,but higher RWC and lower levels of ion leakage and MDA were in the drought-resistant variants than the control plants.There was no significant difference in proline content and superoxide dismutase（SOD） and catalase（CAT） activities between the variants and the wild type control plants prior to drought treatment.After withholding irrigation for 6 d,all plants showed increase in proline content and SOD and CAT activities,while lower content of proline and higher activities of SOD and CAT were in the variants than the control plants.It is suggested that the increased drought resistance in the five variants is associated with their higher levels of SOD and CAT activity under drought stress.

关 键 词：假俭草 体细胞变异 抗旱性 生理响应 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]