砂田不同覆盖方式对土壤微生物组成的影响  

Effect of Gravel-Sand Mulching on Soil Microbial Composition

作　　者：逄蕾[1,2,3] 肖洪浪[2] 谢忠奎[2] 柴守玺[1] 路建龙[1] 周茅先[2] 常磊[1] 王亚军[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [3]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2012年第2期351-358,共8页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903007-07);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD14B10);国家公益性行业(农业)计划项目(201103001)资助

摘　　要：为研究砂田(GSMF)表面覆盖的砾石层对土壤微生物组成的影响,于2004年春布设试验,分别为砾石覆盖厚度试验、覆盖砾石粒径试验和不同粒径砾石按不同比例混合覆盖试验。于2009年5月对未经扰动的土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌组成和土壤含水量进行研究,土壤剖面深度分别为0～1cm、1～2cm、2～4cm和4～20cm。结果表明,砾石覆盖可以增加土壤含水量和土壤微生物数量,当土壤表面覆盖的砾石粒径越小或者组成覆盖层的砾石以小粒径为主时,有利于土壤水分的积累和细菌的生长,反之则利于放线菌的生长,粒径范围在1～8cm时,较利于真菌生长,在砾石覆盖厚度试验中观察到有超过50%的真菌分布在0～1cm深的土壤剖面中这一特有现象。砾石层覆盖厚度为7～9cm时,最适宜微生物生长。The effects of mulching on soil microbial composition in gravel and sand mulched field have been studied.The experiment had been set up in spring of 2004,which included three experiments of ① GSMF mulching layer composed by different diameters of gravel,② GSMF mulching layer composed by different gravel thickness,③ GSMF mulching layer composed by mixed gravels at different diameter.The soil bacteria,fungi,antinomycete and soil moisture had been determined in May of 2009.In the experiments,the measured layers were 0～1 cm,1～2 cm,2～4 cm and 4～20 cm.Results show that the soil moisture and the soil microbial quantity all increase when mulched by gravel and sand.It is especially beneficial to bacteria and soil moisture when mulched by smaller diameter gravels,while it is beneficial to actinomycete when mulched by bigger diameter gravels.When the gravel diameter is within 1～8 cm it is in favor of fungi developing.More than 50% fungi is distributed in 0～1 cm soil layer.It is optimum for microbial developing when the thickness of gravel-sand is in range of 7～9 cm.

关 键 词：砂田 砾石粒径 覆盖厚度 不同粒径砾石混合比例 微生物组成 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]