茂名油页岩废渣场生物修复过程中土壤变化的研究  

Study on Soil Variance in Bioremediation Process for Oil Shale Dump in Maoming

作　　者：刘华[1] 李璐[1,2] 张文兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]湛江师范学院生态经济研究所,广东湛江524048 [2]香港中文大学地理与资源管理学系

出　　处：《湛江师范学院学报》2011年第6期119-124,共6页Journal of Zhanjiang Normal College

基　　金：广东省科技厅资助项目(2009B0308020492011B03080001);湛江师范学院科研基金资助项目(ZL1015)

摘　　要：广东茂名油页岩生产过程中产生废渣堆放场占地面积8.1km2,分别堆放在采矿场的南北两地,称为南、北排土场.通过对油页岩工业固体废渣堆置场裸地、植林5年、植林16年和天然恢复20年的草地试验区的理化性质、土壤微生物数量及其生化活性进行对比分析,结果表明:北排裸地土壤含水差、贫瘠、酸性强;植林16年多的南排土壤理化性质、微生物、酶活性以及土壤呼吸都明显改善;但植林5年的北排土壤与裸地土壤性状相差不大.研究还发现大叶相思对土壤改良的效果比桉树好;废渣场生物修复过程非常缓慢,必须辅以人工措施才能奏效.During the oil shale production,there are two waste dumps that cover an area of 8.1 km2 located in the north and south of the mine pit.Studies have been carried out on physicochemical properties,microbe quantity and biochemical activity of soil on different test plots of bare land,5-year plantation,16-year plantation,20-year plantation and grassland for 20-year natural remediation in oil shale dump.They demonstrate the facts that soil at the oil shale dump in the north was desiccated,impoverished of nutrient,and strongly acidified,and that after 16 years of plantation,the amount of microbe in the soil of oil shale dump in the south turned to be more than that in the bare land,enzyme activity and soil respiration rate increased significantly and soil physicochemical properties were also improved,whereas after 5 years of plantation,these test indexes remained almost unchanged in oil shale dump in the north.Studies also indicated that plantation of Acacia auricalaformis is better than that of Eucalyptus for soil improvement of oil shale.The results show that the process of bioremediation for waste dump of oil shale is very slow,so it is imperative that we take measures,such as making plantations,to accelerate bioremediation for oil shale dump.

关 键 词：生物修复 土壤变化 油页岩废渣场 茂名 

分 类 号：Q142.3[生物学—生态学]