不同环境条件对茄黄萎菌微菌核存活的影响  

The Impact on Survival of Eggplant Verticillium dahliae Micro-sclerotia under Different Environmental Conditions

作　　者：郭敬华[1] 鹿秀云[2] 石琳琪[1] 董灵迪[1] 焦永刚[1] 马平[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所,河北石家庄050051 [2]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所,河北保定071000

出　　处：《华北农学报》2011年第B12期193-196,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系石家庄综合试验站项目(CARS-2S-G-05);石家庄市科技支撑计划项目(11149182A)

摘　　要：研究了土壤温湿度及处理时间对茄黄萎菌微菌核存活的影响。结果表明:随着温度升高及处理时间的延长,微菌核萌发率均呈下降趋势。土壤含水量为20%和30%的条件下,40℃处理7 d微菌核均不萌发;35℃条件下处理14 d其萌发率仅为7.53%(20%土壤含水量)和8.60%(30%土壤含水量);30℃条件下处理28 d其萌发率降为23.66%;在变温条件下(每天35℃处理14 h,40℃处理10 h),30%土壤含水量条件下处理7 d其萌发率降为4.30%,均能明显降低土壤中微菌核的数量。自然风干土条件下,40℃处理14 d其萌发率降至35.48%;35℃处理14 d时,其萌发率降至43.01%。高温结合土壤湿度处理能显著降低微菌核萌发率,能有效防治茄黄萎病的发生。The effect of soil temperature moisture and the time on survival of the Eggplant Verticillium dahliae micro-sclerotia was studied. Results showed that micro-sclerotia germination rate appeared a decline trend with the temperatureinereases and the time extension. Under the conditions of soil moisture of 20% and 30%, micro-sclerotia germination rate was 0 when dealing with 7 d under 40℃ ;The germination rate was only 7.53% and 8.60% respectively under the condition of 35% treating for 14 d when soil moisture was 20% and 30%. The germination rate dropped to 23.66% under the conditions of 30℃ handling 28 d. The germination rate dropped to 4.30% under the conditions of 30% soil moisture dealing with 7 d, which can significantly reduce the number of micro-sclerotia in soil. Under the conditions of natural air-dried soil, the germination rate dropped to 35.48% and 43.01% respectively under the conditions of 40℃ and 35℃ handling 14 d. High temperature combined soil moisture treatments can significantly reduce the germination rate of micro-sclerotia and effectively prevent the occurrence of eggplant verticillium wilt.

关 键 词：茄黄萎病菌 微菌核 萌发率 土壤环境条件 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]