秋茄(Kandelia obovata)和无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)红树人工林消波效应量化研究  

STUDIES ON THE QUANTITATIVE ATTENUATION EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL MANGROVE KANDELIA OBOVATA AND SONNERATIA APETALA ON WAVES

作　　者：陈玉军[1] 廖宝文[1] 黄勃[2] 张乔民[3] 徐大平[1] 陈元海[4] 林卫海 李玫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520 [2]海南大学海洋学院,海口570228 [3]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广州510301 [4]海南东寨港国家级自然保护区管理局,海口571129

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2011年第6期764-770,共7页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家林业科技支撑计划专题"消浪红树林带防护效益研究及人工红树林生态功能恢复评价";2009BADB2B0404号;中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目"海南东寨港红树林生态效益研究";6309号

摘　　要：采用野外监测的方法对海南东寨港三江湾秋茄和无瓣海桑红树人工林的消波效应进行了量化研究。结果表明,裸露海滩的消波作用较弱,波浪在经过裸滩50m后,1/10波高、1/3波高和平均波高分别减低2.9%、4.4%和5.8%。红树林的消波作用显著,总体来说,波浪在经过秋茄林50m后,1/10波高、1/3波高和平均波高分别减低46.3%、46.4%和46.1%,在经过无瓣海桑林50m后分别减低30.1%、29.6%和28.8%。红树林的消波率随林分基部断面积的增大而增加;在浅水区域,红树林的消波率随水深增加而降低;在水深相同的条件下,红树林的消波效应随着波高的增加而增强;红树林的消波率与波浪的传播距离呈非线性正相关性,随着传播距离的增加,波高持续降低,但降幅减小。Attenuation effect of artificial mangrove Sonneratia apetala and Kandelia obovata on waves was studied quantitatively through field monitoring at Sanjiang Bay, Dongzhai Harbor, Hainan. The results showed that bare mudflat could only attenuate waves slightly, with 1/10 wave height, 1/3 wave height and mean wave height reduced by 2.9%, 4.4% and 5.8% respectively after the waves traveled 50m across the mudflat. Significant attenuation effect on waves could be seen of both artificial mangrove forests. In general, 1/10 wave height, 1/3 wave height and mean wave height were reduced by 46.3%, 46.4% and 46.1% respectively after the waves traveled 50m across artificial K. obovata forest stand, and the same indexes were reduced by 30.1%, 29.6% and 28.8% respectively on artificial S. apetala forest stand. Larger section area of mangrove forest stand turned to result in higher wave attenuation rate. At shallow water area, attenuation rate of mangrove forest decreased as the water grew deeper. While at the same water depth, attenuation rate of mangrove increased as wave height grew higher. Attenuation rate of mangrove on waves kept a nonlinearly positive relationship with travel distance of the waves. With the extension of waves across mangrove forest, wave height tended to be reduced continually, while the decline rate became less significant gradually.

关 键 词：人工红树林 秋茄 无瓣海桑 消波效应 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学]