云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)早期发育阶段的摄食与生长特性  

STUDIES ON THE FEEDING BEHAVIOR AND MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF EPINEPHELUS MOARA IN EARLY DEVELOPMENT STAGES

作　　者：陆丽君[1,2] 陈超[1] 马爱军[1] 翟介明 王新安[1] 李伟业[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所青岛市海水鱼类种子工程与生物技术重点实验室农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室,青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学,上海201306 [3]莱州明波水产有限公司,烟台261418

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2011年第6期822-829,共8页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项项目;S2012ZI0303号

摘　　要：采用随机取样实验生态学方法,对人工培育的云纹石斑鱼的仔、稚、幼鱼各发育阶段的形态特征及摄食变化状况进行了观察和描述。结果表明,云纹石斑鱼仔、稚鱼生长期间,分别以牡蛎幼体、轮虫、卤虫为饵料,幼鱼摄食配合饲料。形态学数据测量结果表明,云纹石斑鱼仔、稚、幼鱼的全长、体重和日龄三者之间存在相关关系。全长与日龄的关系式为L=2.8058e0.0287D;体重与日龄的关系式为W=0.0004e0.0825D;全长与体重的关系式为W=0.001e0.103L,相关系数分别为0.8954、0.9054、0.7982。云纹石斑鱼摄食状况测量结果表明,在人工投喂条件下,5日龄仔鱼的摄食率为90%,18日龄仔鱼饱食率为100%。实验结果还表明,在全天光照条件下,仔鱼16:00—18:00达摄食高峰;自然昼夜条件下,仔鱼14:00达摄食高峰;在全天黑暗条件下,仔鱼没有明显的摄食高峰。说明仔鱼摄食具有明显的昼夜节律,均表现为白天摄食为主。We used ecological method of simple random sampling to observe morphological features, growth changes and feeding conditions during larval development of Epinephelus moara. The results showed that, under hatching conditions at dissolved oxygen （DO） 6.2mg/L, temperature 20℃, salinity 30, pH 7.9, light 100 lx, it took 45 hours to hatch the larvae. The yolk of four day-old larvae almost disappeared and these lava started consuming oyster larvae. The 8--13 day-old larvae ate both the oyster larvae and S-rotifer; the 14--22 day-old larvae consumed L-rotifer; the 23--66 day-old larvae and juvenile can be fed with brine shrimp. At about 67 days, the larvae metamorphosis completed and began to eat compound feed. The results of morphological data show that, total length, body weight and the age larval, juvenile and young E. moara showed significant correlations. The relationship between total length and age （in days） can be expressed as L = 2.8058e0.0287D; the relationship between body weight and age can be expressed as W = 0.0004e0.0825D; the relationship between total length and weight can be expressed as W = 0.001e0.103L, the cross-correlation coefficient is 0.895, 0.905, 0.798, respectively. The feeding results of E. moara showed that, under conditions of artificial cultivation, the intake amount of 5 day-old larvae reached 90%, the satiation rate of 18 day-old larvae was 100%. As the age increased, the plump coefficient of stomac, h increased too, the time for feeding from empty to full and digesting food from full to empty decreased. The results indicate that the larvae had obvious circadian rhythm of feeding, they ate mainly during the day at any circumstance.

关 键 词：云纹石斑鱼 仔稚幼鱼 生长特性 摄食 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]