不同品种甘蔗对钾素吸收差异性的研究  

Potassium Uptake Difference of Different Sugarcane Varieties

作　　者：郑超[1] 李奇伟 黄振瑞 敖俊华 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学农学院,广东湛江524088 [2]广州甘蔗糖业科学研究所,广东广州510316

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2011年第12期2221-2225,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：甘蔗现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(No.CARS-20);农业部公益性行业科研专项(No.20120301303)

摘　　要：研究了温室沙培条件下不同品种甘蔗在0.02和2 mmol/L钾水平处理下的吸钾特性与钾利用效率的关系。结果表明:施钾促进甘蔗根部、茎(叶)部生长,降低根冠比,提高光合速率,有利于生物量的积累;低钾胁迫,促进粤糖159(YT159)根系生长,增加吸收面积,提高根际钾素有效性。随着钾水平的提高,粤糖2号(YT2)和新台糖22号(ROC22)的根系也随着生长,YT159的根系生长则受到抑制;在两种钾水平的处理下,YT159的生物量、根系形态指标值、光合速率都比ROC22和YT2要高,说明YT159是钾高效品种。从低钾到高钾处理中,YT159的生物量增幅小,发达的根系使其能够正常生长,因此,YT159也是耐低钾品种。The potassium （K） uptake characteristics and K utilization efficiency of different sugarcane varieties under K levels of 0.02mmol/L and 2mmol/L were studied in greenhouse sand culture experiment. The result showed that different K levels had significance on K uptake of different genotypes of sugarcane. K application could promote root and shoot growth, reduce root/shoot ratio and increase photosynthetic rate, which is in favor of biomass accumulation; Low-potassium stress could promote root growth of YT159, which increased the absorption area and the effectiveness of potassium in rhizosphere. With the increased levels of K, root growth of YT2 and ROC22 grew, while root growth of YT159 was inhibited. Biomass, root morphology index and photosynthetic rate of YT159 were the highest compared to YT2 and ROC22 under the two levels of K, meaning YT159 was the K efficient variety. From low to high K treatments, YT159 had a small increase in biomass and its well-developed root system enabled it to a normal growth. Therefore, YT159 was also the low K tolerant variety.

关 键 词：甘蔗 钾利用效率 生物量 根系形态 光合速率 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]