海南霉素对瘤胃发酵模式、甲烷生成和微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Hainanmycin on Ruminal Fermentation Pattern,Methane Production and Micro Flora

作　　者：刘薇[1] 辛杭书[1] 刘彩娟[1] 文奇男[1] 谭伟卓[1] 张永根[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2012年第2期242-249,共8页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系(奶牛)建设项目(nycytx-02-02)

摘　　要：本试验采用活体外人工瘤胃发酵法研究日粮中添加不同水平的海南霉素对瘤胃发酵参数、甲烷生成以及微生物区系变化的影响。结果表明,日粮中添加海南霉素显著降低了瘤胃发酵的产气量(P<0.05)以及氨态氮的浓度(P<0.05),并且随着添加水平的增加,瘤胃pH呈显著的线性升高趋势(P<0.05),与对照组相比,10mg.kg-1的海南霉素可将pH提高4个百分点;而乙、丁酸的摩尔比例及乙酸/丙酸(A/P)值呈显著的下降趋势(P<0.05),丙酸的摩尔比例增加(P<0.05)。海南霉素的添加降低了甲烷的产量(P<0.05),并随其添加量的增加呈明显的二次曲线规律下降(P<0.05);添加海南霉素后,瘤胃中黄色瘤胃球菌、真菌以及原虫占总细菌16SrDNA的数量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);而对甲烷菌以及白色瘤胃球菌占总细菌16SrDNA的数量影响则不显著。由此得出结论,日粮中添加海南霉素改变了瘤胃的发酵模式,抑制了甲烷产生,并显著影响了瘤胃微生物区系的组成,当海南霉素的添加水平为7.2mg.kg-1时,其对甲烷的抑制能力最强。The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of supplementa- tion with Hainanmycin on rumen fermentation parameters, methane production and microflora in vitro. The results showed that the addition of Hainanmycin could inhibit significantly the gas production （P〈0. 05） and the concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen （P〈0.05）, and pH en- hanced linearly remarkably as the addition level of Hainanmycin increased （P〈0.05）. Compared to the control, the 10 mg. kg -1 Hainanmycin supplementation in the diet increased the pH by 4%. The content of propionate increased and the concentration of acetate, butyrate and A/P de- creased significantly （P〈0. 05）. The methane production was inhibited quadratically by the addi- tion of Hainanmycin in the diet （P〈0.05）. The percentage of ruminococcu flavefaciens, fungi and protozoa accounting for the total bacterial 16S rDNA reduced significantly in experiment groups compared with the control （P〈0.05）, and methanogen and ruminococcus albus were not altered by the treatment. It was concluded that the supplementation of Hainanmycin in the diet could influence ruminal fermentation pattern, inhibit the methane production, and affect micro- flora significantly in vitro. And the methane production could reach the lowest level theoretically when the supplementation level of Hainanmycin was 7.2 mg .kg-1.

关 键 词：海南霉素 发酵模式 甲烷 微生物区系 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]