清代私盐难禁之法律缘由考析--以四川为例  

On the Illegal Causes Led to the Difficulty of Forbidding Private Salt Production:a Textual Study of Sichuan as a Case

作　　者：张洪林[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学法学院 [2]广东地方法制研究中心

出　　处：《学术研究》2012年第2期59-66,159-160,共8页Academic Research

基　　金：广东省教育厅人文社科基地重大项目“中国法制史上的广东经验(1840-2008)”(x2fxN9100180)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：清代私盐难禁是多种因素的综合结果。在生产领域,场灶生产的余盐是私盐产生的前提,对场灶的规制不力是灶私产生的根本;在运销领域,行盐程序非常复杂且引岸划分不合理,从而邻私现象时有发生;在监管领域,查缉枭私的机构庞大但运转不灵,奖惩查缉枭私的措施严密但执行不力,以致枭私和缉枭官吏的渎职现象严重。清代私盐难禁的最根本原因是官盐的垄断所形成的利差,争利中各种利益主体的博弈,破坏了法律构筑的禁私体系。In the Qing Dynasty,the failure to eliminate illegal salt had a series of causes.In production,producers,under loose supervision,produced more than that mandated by the government,which was the source of illegal salt.In distribution,the allocation of the exclusive right was so complicated and unreasonable that stimulated smuggling.In regulation,the agency responsible for anti-smuggling was massive but slow,and the law of punishing the smuggling was not strict enough to be implemented,which caused serious corruptions and proliferation of smuggling.The most fundamental reason is the profit margin created by the monopoly of official salt.The game of dividing the profit margin played by all sorts of interest groups seriously undermined the legal institutions' actions of eliminating the illegal salt production.

关 键 词：私盐 灶私 邻私 枭私 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学] K249[历史地理—历史学]