青海东部农业区ET_0变化特征及气候影响因子分析  

Changing Characteristics of Reference Evapotranspiration and Its Effect Factors in East Agricultural Region of Qinghai Province

作　　者：于东平[1] 张鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2012年第1期33-37,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家863计划项目(14110209);"十一五"国家重大科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD11B05);西北农林科技大学博士科研启动基金资助项目(01140504);西北农林科技大学科研专项(08080230)

摘　　要：利用FAO-56推荐的Penman-Monteith公式计算了青海省东部农业区12个气象站47年(1960—2006)逐月参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET0),对参考作物蒸发蒸腾量、气象因子随时间变化特征进行了分析。结果显示,ET0年内呈单峰型分布,月际变化较大,最大值出现在7月份,最小值出现在12月份;近47年ET0随时间呈极显著下降趋势变化;风速是影响ET0的最主要影响因子,最高温度对该地区ET0的影响也较为显著;海拔与ET0具有明显的相关性,R2为0.68,且ET0随海拔的增高具有明显下降的趋势。研究表明,在高寒高海拔区,风速是影响ET0的最主要气候影响因子,海拔与ET0呈负相关关系。Based on the meteorological data of the twelve weather stations in east agricultural region of Qinghai province from 1960 to 2006,monthly reference evapotranspiration（ET0） was calculated by the Penman-Montieth formula,the change characteristics of ET0 and meteorological factors changed with year and month were analyzed.The results show that annually reference evapotranspiration is a single peak pattern,monthly variation is obvious,and the ET0 in east agricultural region of Qinghai province is decreased sharply over the past 47 years.The ET0 in July is the highest and that of in December is the lowest in the year.The most important factor affected ET0 is wind velocity.The highest temperature also significantly affects ET0.The coefficient of correlation of ET0 with altitude is significant;the ET0 is decreased sharply with the increase of altitude.According to the research,in the high altitude alpine region,the most important factor affected ET0 is wind velocity,ET0 is related negatively to altitude.

关 键 词：青海省东部农业区 参考作物蒸发蒸腾量 变化特征 影响因子 

分 类 号：S161[农业科学—农业气象学]