临床护理人员锐器伤发生环节与受伤部位探讨  

Research on processes during which sharps injury occurs and on the injured sites among clinical nurses

作　　者：王伟丽[1,2] 王书会 邓钰[3] 王一瑶 李颖霞 徐秀莲 

机构地区：[1]山东大学护理学院,山东济南250012 [2]齐鲁医院感染管理科 [3]山东大学附属省立医院儿外科

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2012年第4期12-14,共3页

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划项目(2010RKGA2012)

摘　　要：目的了解临床护理人员锐器伤发生的环节与受伤部位,为进一步制定职业防护措施提供实证依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取临床一线护理人员458名,填写自行设计的护士锐器伤调查问卷。结果458名护理人员中发生锐器伤1 286人次。41.70%护士经常双手回套针帽,5.68%经常徒手拾取破碎玻璃,30.13%操作时从不戴手套。在锐器伤发生的主要环节中,44.48%的锐器伤发生在操作准备过程,操作中占39.04%,操作后整理用物为8.86%。94.79%的锐器伤发生在双手,其中双手手指占89.42%,右手示指以37.48%的高发率位居首位,其次是右手中指16.33%,左手示指13.53%。结论护理人员锐器伤发生环节主要是掰安瓿,输液/注射/采血/拔针,拔针帽;锐器伤害发生的主要部位是双手,右手多于左手。医院管理者应定期开展锐器伤相关培训教育,使用高效安全的护理用具,制定安全规范的护理操作程序,实施标准预防,减少护理人员潜在的针刺伤危险。Objective To probe into the processes during which sharps injury occurs and the injured sites among clinical nurses, and to provide scientific basis for formulating further prevention measures. Methods By using stratified cluster sampling method, 458 nurses were selected to fill in the questionnaires about sharp injuries designed by researchers. Results A total of 1 286 needle sticks were reported during the investigation. Totally, 41.70% of the nurses often recapped the needles with both hands, 5.68% often picked up broken glass with bare-hand, and 30. 13% never donned gloves for a nursing procedure. As for the processes during which sharps injury occurs, 44.48% of the sharps injuries happened during preparation of a nursing procedure, 39.04% during the procedure, and 8.86% happened in disposal of articles after the procedure. As for the injured sites, 94.79% of the sharps injuries happened in hands, with iniuries in the fingers accounting for 89.42%, and among others, the right index finger was the most inflicted, making up 37.48% of the hand injuries, followed by 16. 33% of the hand injuries occurring in the right middle finger, and 13. 53% in the left index finger. Conclusion The processes during which sharps injury occurs most frequently include opening an ampoule, followed by infusion/injection/blood harvesting/removing the needles from the patients, and removing the cap of the nee- dle. The most inflicted sites are hands, with the right hands more prone to injury than the left hands. Hospital managers should arrange sharp injury related training and education for nurses regularly, put efficient and safe nursing apparatuses into use, standardize procedures of nursing practice, and implement standard prevention to decrease the potential risk of sharps injury among nursing staff.

关 键 词：护理人员 锐器伤 发生环节 受伤部位 标准预防 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] C931.3[医药卫生—临床医学]