用化学方法脱除赤霉病麦毒素(DON)  

DECONTAMINATION OF DEOXYNIVALENOL(DON) BY CHEMICAL METHODS FOR WHEAT INFECTED BY SCAB

作　　者：谢茂昌[1] 王明祖[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植保系,武汉430070

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2000年第1期58-61,共4页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

摘　　要：对天然污染脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 ( Deoxynivalenol,DON)毒素的小麦 ,进行机械加工去皮和化学试剂处理脱毒。结果机械加工去皮可以去除 2 3.6%～ 34.7%的 DON毒素 ;化学试剂处理中 ,对麦粒的脱毒效果以 0 .1mol/ L碳酸钠为最好 ,去毒率达到 82 .1%～ 85 .0 % ,平均为83.9% ;其次是 1%亚硫酸氢钠 ,其 DON降低率为 69.9% ;4%过氧化氢和 5 %石灰水的 DON降低率分别为 45 .1%和 2 1.8% ;对麦麸的脱毒效果也以 0 .1mol/ L 碳酸钠的为最好 ,达 89.6%～91.2 % ,平均为 90 .4% ,4%甲醛和 5 %石灰水的 DON降低率分别为 73.9%和 5 2 .1%。试验结果还表明 ,0 .1mol/ L碳酸钠和 5 %石灰水清液去除小麦麸皮 DON的效果要比去除麦粒 DON的效果好 ,它们之间的差异达到显著水平和极显著水平。Wheat grains naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol(DON) were treated by dehulling or with some chemical reagents.Dehulling could reduce DON toxin by 23.6%～34.7%.The decontamination efficiency of the 0.1 mol/L sodium carbonate treatment was the highest,up to 83.9%.The better decontamination method was the 1% sodium hydrogen bisulfite treatment,its DON reduction rate was 69.9%.The average DON reduction rates of 4% hydrogen peroxide and 5% limewash treatments were 45.1% and 21.8% respectively.The DON contaminated wheat bran was treated with some chemical reagents.The results demonstrated that the DON reduction rate of the 0.1 mol/L sodium carbonate treatment was the highest,up to 90.4%.The DON reduction rates of 4% methanal and 5% limewash treatments were 73.9% and 52.1% respectively.The results showed that the DON reduction rates of 0.1 mol/L sodium carbonate and 5% limewash treatments were higher for bran than for grains.The differences reached the significant and very significant levels respectively.

关 键 词：赤霉病麦 化学方法 脱毒处理 DON 食物 污染 

分 类 号：X560.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S435.121.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]