119例新发尘肺病例发病特征分析  

Analysis on incidence pattern of 119 pneumoconiosis new cases

作　　者：王海青[1] 王佩丽[2] 白杰 刘继倩[1] 金祖华[1] 苏华林[1] 赵乾魁[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海闵行区疾病预防控制中心,上海201101 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336 [3]上海闵行区安全监察大队,上海201100

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2012年第1期9-12,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

摘　　要：目的通过分析某区10年间新发的119例尘肺病例,了解尘肺病例的发病特征,为预防和控制尘肺提供实践依据。方法收集和整理某区10年间收到的尘肺病例职报卡,将职报卡上的内容录入EpiData3.1数据库,运用SPSS13.0对数据进行描述性统计分析。结果某区10年间新发尘肺病例119例,其中男性107例、女性12例。发病人数居前三位的分别是铸工尘肺、矽肺和电焊工尘肺。男性尘肺患者的发病年龄集中在40～60岁之间,平均发病年龄(50.95±13.47)岁,女性尘肺患者发病年龄集中在50～60岁之间,平均发病年龄(59.50±11.37)岁。约有四分之一的尘肺病例是在退休后被诊断的。男性平均接尘工龄(19.73±11.37)年,女性平均接尘工龄(16.60±9.55)年。有3个企业的累积尘肺病例多于10例。结论某区历年均有新发尘肺病例,其中发病人数较多的是铸工尘肺、矽肺和电焊工尘肺,尘肺病例仍是严重威胁工人健康最常见的职业病。尘肺病例的发病年龄均集中在40岁以后,最短平均接尘时间为16.60年,并且尘肺病例的发生有明显的企业集聚现象。因此,应进一步加强企业的职业健康安全管理,以有效预防和控制尘肺病例的发生。Objective To comprehend the incidence pattern of pneumoconiosis through analyzing those new cases occurred in a district during a decade, thereby providing a practical evidence for its prevention and control. Methods Collect the report cards about pneumoconiosis occurred in a district in Shanghai during ten years. Then, the related contents were recorded into database of EpiData 3.1 and analyzed with SPSS 13.0 statistic tool. Results There were 119 new cases of pneumoconiosis in total occurred in a certain district in Shanghai during that ten years. Among of them 107 were male and the leading three types were foundry workers＇ pneumoconiosis, silicosis and electric welder＇s pneumoeoniosis respectively. The onset ages in male pa- tients were mainly distributed from 40 to 60 y, the average onset age was （50. 95 ~ 13.47） y; while, in female the peak ages were from 50 to 60 y, and the average onset age was （59. 50 ~ 11.37） y, actually, about a quarter of those cases were diag- nosed after their retirement. The average year of dust exposure length of male cases was （ 19. 73 ~ 11.37） y, while the female was （ 16. 60 ~ 9. 55） y. There were three enterprises accumulated more than ten cases of pneumoconiosis. Conclusion The re- sults showed that there were new cases of pneumoconiosis occurred in a Certain district of Shanghai each year during surveyed dec- ade. Among them the three leading pneumoconiosis types were foundry wokers＇ pneumoconiosis, silicosis and electric welder＇s pneumoconiosis, respectively, suggesting pneumoconiosis is still a most common and severe hazardous occupational disease that greatly affected the health of workers. The onset age mainly was older than 40 years, the shortest dust-exposure length was 16. 60 years. Furthermore, there was some enterprise-accumulation phenomenon, the incidence of occupational dust lung disea- ses occurred concentrically in the same company. Therefore, as a conclusion, it is necessary to strengthen further the administration on occupational health

关 键 词：新发尘肺 发病特征 资料分析 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]