某煤业集团煤工尘肺病人肺通气功能分析  

Analysis on pulmonary ventilation function of coal worker's pneumoconiosis in a coal mine

作　　者：秦天榜 李翠兰 沈福海[2] 郑伟[2] 孙志谦[2] 袁聚祥[2] 王东[2] 肖淑玉[3] 宋英利[2] 华正兵[2] 钱庆增[2] 

机构地区：[1]开滦职业病防治院,河北唐山063000 [2]河北联合大学公共卫生学院/河北省煤矿卫生与安全实验室,河北唐山063000 [3]唐山市疾病预防控制中心,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2012年第1期13-16,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解某煤业集团煤工尘肺病人和接尘非煤工尘肺病人肺通气功能损伤情况,探讨煤工尘肺病人不同工种、工龄、分期之间肺通气功能损伤的差异。方法选取某煤业集团确诊的煤工尘肺病人555名。另外选取该煤业集团555名接尘的非煤工尘肺病人和207名非接尘工人作为对照。采用统一的体检表格,由专业医师进行统一体检,并逐一填写表格。肺功能测定仪器为北京产AS.507型肺量计,进行肺通气功能指标测定。运用卡方检验、单因素方差分析、相关分析进行统计学处理。结果尘肺病人组肺功能异常率高于接尘非尘肺病人组和不接尘健康工人组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=193.319,P<0.001);采用单因素方差分析,三组人群各指标的比较结果显示,尘肺病人组的FEV1.0相对值和FEV1.0%低于接尘非尘肺病人组和不接尘工人组,尘肺病人组和接尘非病人组的FVC相对值均低于不接尘工人组。555名尘肺病人包括不吸烟108人、戒烟427人和吸烟20人,其肺功能异常率分别是67.6%、74.5%和90.0%(χ2=4.381,P=0.036<0.05),不吸烟组和吸烟组的FVC相对值均低于戒烟组,戒烟组的FEV1.0%明显低于不吸烟组。FEV1.0相对值在各组之间差异无统计学意义。各工种之间FVC相对值、FEV1.0相对值,FEV1.0%比较,差异均无统计学意义;各工龄组之间差异亦无统计学意义。各期别尘肺病人FVC相对值、FEV1.0相对值比较,差异无统计学意义,但贰期、叁期尘肺病人FEV1.0%高于壹期尘肺病人。结论接尘非煤工尘肺病人与煤工尘肺病人肺通气功能均有损伤,煤工尘肺病人肺通气功能损伤重于接尘非煤工尘肺病人,说明肺通气功能可以作为监测煤工尘肺的早期敏感动态观察指标。吸烟是影响肺通气功能的一个重要因素,吸烟加剧煤工尘肺病人肺通气功能的损伤程度。Abstract： Objectives To find out the situations of lung ventilation function in coal worker＇s pneumoconiosis （CWP） pa- tients and coal dust exposed workers, thereby explore the differences among work type, service length, CWP grade etc. Meth- ods 555 CWP patients and 555 coal dust exposed workers were selected from a cetain coal mine, and 207 workers without coal- dust exposure were selected as negative control group. Unified physical examination was performed by professional physicians, meanwhile the pulmonary ventilation function parameters were also measured by pulmonary function measuring instrument （AS. 507, made in Beijing）. Chi-square test, single factor analysis of variance and correlation analysis were used for statistics treat- ment. Results The results showed that the abnormal rates of pulmonary ventilation function indices in CWP group were signifi- cantly higher than that of dust exposed group and control group （X2 = 193. 319, P 〈0. 001 ）, for example, the FEVLo relative value and FEVI.0% in CWP group were significantly lower than those of dust exposed group and control group, while the FVC relative value in CWP group and dust exposed group were all significantly lower than that of controlgroup. The abnormal rates of lung ventilation function indices of 108 nonsmokers, 427 ex-smokers and 20 smokers were 67. 6%, 74. 5% and 90. 0%, respectively, the difference among the three groups was significant （X2 = 4. 381, P 〈 0.05 ）; the FVC relative values in non- smokers and smokers were all lower than that of ex-smokers, FEV1.0% in ex-smokers was also significantly lower than that of non-smokers. FEVI.0% in workers with phase 2 or phase 3 of CWP was higher than that of phase 1 workers. There was no cor- relation between such factors as service length, work type and the pulmonary function indices such as FVC relative value, FEV1.0 relative value or FEV10%. Conclusion The results suggested that the pulmonary function of both CWP workers anddust exposed workers was injured, the CWP worker

关 键 词：煤工尘肺 肺功能 肺通气 工种 工龄 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]