新型醚化催化剂的研究进展  

Research Advances on New Etherification Catalysts

作　　者：王志娟[1] 刘姝[1] 吴亚勤 吴茨萍[1] 穆文俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]抚顺石油学院石油化工系,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《抚顺石油学院学报》2000年第1期14-20,共7页Journal of Fushun Petroleum Institute

摘　　要：随着人们环保意识的日益增强,对汽油的燃烧质量提出了更高的要求,汽油无铅化在我国势在必行。醚类作为重要的高辛烷值调和组分,需求量日益增加,醚化催化剂的研究也越来越活跃。针对近期的发展动态,着重综述了大孔磺酸型离子交换树脂、分子筛、杂多酸等新型醚化催化剂的研究进展,详细讨论了分子筛催化剂的结构、酸密度、酸强度对醚化性能的影响。此外,对这几种催化剂的醚化活性、选择性进行了评价。醚化过程中树脂催化剂低温时活性选择性好,但耐热性能不好;分子筛催化剂选择性耐热性好,但低温反应活性低,可通过改性提高醚化活性;杂多酸、固体超强酸催化剂活性低,但负载到合适的载体上可以大大提高其活性。最后指出了醚化催化剂的发展趋势。With the concerns environment of improvement, the requirement for combustion quality of gasoline becomes much more strict, the gasoline used must be unleaded in our country. As an important octane booster in unleaded gasoline, the need for ethers becomes more and more. Accordingly, the research for etherification catalysts becomes much more active. Based on the recent trends, research advances of sulfonic acid resin, zeolite, heteropolyacid is reviewed, and the effect of zeolites structure, acid density, acid strength on etherification property is discussed in this paper. Moreover, their activity and selectivity in etherification reaction is simultaneously estimated and compared. Under low temperature, the activity and selectivity of resin are excellent, but stability is a little bad; Zeolites show good stability and selectivity, but activity is lower, we can improve it by modification; Heteropolyacid, solid super acid have low etherification activity, but they can be improved when they are supported on appropriate substrates. Finally, the developing trend of etherification catalysts is emphasized.

关 键 词：醚化 催化剂 离子交换树脂 分子筛 杂多酸 汽油 

分 类 号：TQ426.95[化学工程] TE624.9[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]