蒸汽发生器炉管失效分析  

Failure analysis of furnace tube on vapor generator.

作　　者：吕瑞典[1] 曾华[2] 余明建[3] 李如忠 

机构地区：[1]西南石油学院 [2]河南石油勘探局 [3]四川石油管理局

出　　处：《石油机械》2000年第2期27-29,共3页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：西南石油学院院级立项项目

摘　　要：对刺穿失效的蒸汽发生器炉管对流管段进行了宏观分析、材料及腐蚀产物成分分析、金相分析及扫描电镜分析。分析结果表明,蒸汽发生器炉管失效主要源于向火面一侧的内表面腐蚀。腐蚀产物主要为Fe2O3,表明炉管内存在较为剧烈的汽水腐蚀、氧腐蚀和电解腐蚀;冲蚀和气蚀是导致炉管表面产生裂纹、脱落,不断减薄以至失效的重要原因。研究分析认为,要延长炉管寿命,应从严格进行水处理,选择耐腐蚀的炉管材料,实行腐蚀保护或在线监测等方面着手解决。The appearance of the pierced furnace tube on a vapor generator is observed, and the compositions of the material and corrosion products are analyzed. The result of the analysis shows that the failure of the tube is due to the corrosion of the internal surface of the tube side towards the fire. The main corrosion product is Fe 2O 3, showing there are intense aerated water corrosion, oxygen corrosion and electrolytic corrosion in the tube; erosion and cavitation is a key reason for the cracking and brushing off of the tube surface, which leads to the thinning and failure of the tube eventually. To extend the service life of the tube, some measures should be adopted, including carrying out strict water treatment, selecting corrosion resistant material for the tube and providing corrosion protection or online monitoring.

关 键 词：蒸汽发生器 炉管 腐蚀 稠油 热力采油 

分 类 号：TE934.5[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]