番木瓜对不同施肥模式的响应及经济效益分析  

Responses of Papaya to Different Fertilization Modes and Analysis on the Economic Benefit

作　　者：解开治[1] 徐培智[1] 陈建生[1] 张发宝[1] 唐拴虎[1] 顾文杰[1] 黄旭[1] 黄巧义[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第4期259-262,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广东省重点科研基地建设项目"广东省新型肥料技术研究及示范重点科研基地"(2009A060800026);广东省产业技术研究与开发资金项目"高效环境友好型土壤改良剂的创新研发与产业化"(粤财工[2008]413号);广东省重大科技专项"脱硫废渣资源化利用技术及产业化示范基地建设"(2009A080303002)

摘　　要：摘为了探讨番木瓜高产高效栽培与合理施肥模式之间的平衡点，确保番木瓜高产优质，施肥模式经济高效。通过连续2年的田间小区定位试验，研究了5种不同施肥模式（专用肥，T1；专用肥＋改良剂，T2；专用肥＋精制有机肥，T3；精制有机肥，T4；生物有机肥，T5）对番木瓜营养生长、产量及品质的影响，开展了不同施肥模式的经济效益分析。结果表明：与T1处理对比，T2、T3处理均表现出促进番木瓜冠幅、株高生长增加的趋势。整个示范区番木瓜株产40.2-49-3kg，平均单果重0.38-0．41kg，单株收获商品果实105．8-120．4个。T3处理较T1。处理增产18．6％，差异显著。糖度的方差分析结果显示，T1处理显著低于T4、T5处理，T4、T5处理均显著低于T2、T3处理。不同施肥模式鲜果肉维生素C含量与糖度的趋势一致。从经济效益来考察，T3处理获得的净产值最高（413819元／hm^2），产投比为T3≈T2〉T5≈T1〉T4处理。Studying of a reasonable balance of papaya between high-productivity ＆ efficiency and the fertilization model ensure high yield and quality of papaya, efficiency fertilization model. Through 2-year successive trials in fixed test field, 5 different fertilization modes were conducted to research the effects on vegetative growth, yield and quality of papaya and analyze the economic benefit of different fertilization modes （applying special fertilizer, mode T1; combining special fertilizer and modifier, mode T2; combining special fertilizer and purified organic fertilizer, mode T3; applying purified organic fertilizer, mode T4; applying microbial organic fertilizer, mode Ts）. It showed that： compared with mode T1, mode T2, T3 had good performance on promoting crown size and plant height. The yield of each individual plant in the test field reached 40.2-49.3 kg, each individual fruit on average reached 0.38-0.41 kg, and each individual plant produced 105.8-120.4 qualified fruits. Compared with mode T1, mode T3 increased the papaya yield at 18.6% obviously. The result of analysis on sugar degree variance indicated that sugar degree variance from mode T1 was lower than that from mode T4 and T5, sugar degree variance from mode T4 and T5 was lower than that from mode T2 and T3. Vitamin C content of the fresh flesh of fruit from different fertilization modes indicated the same tendency with sugar degree analysis result. Considering economic effects, mode T3 gained the highestbenefit （4 13819 yuan/hm^2）. Value to cost ratio （VCR） of 5 modes ranks as T3 ≈T2〉T5 ≈T1〉T4.

关 键 词：番木瓜 施肥模式 生长 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S661.6[农业科学—果树学] S147.2[农业科学—园艺学]