甲醇羰基合成碳酸二甲酯反应机理及多相催化剂研究进展  

Advances in the reaction mechanism and heterogeneous catalysts of dimethyl carbonate synthesis by the carbonylation of methanol

作　　者：杨雄[1] 刘定华[1] 刘晓勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学化学化工学院,材料化学工程国家重点实验室,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《化工进展》2012年第3期545-551,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

摘　　要：针对甲醇羰基合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC)反应体系,在综合分析以氯化亚铜、氯化铜以及铜分子筛为催化剂的氧化羰基化反应机理的基础上,着重介绍了多相催化剂的种类、结构、活性中心以及制备工艺的研究进展,并对各类催化剂的催化性能进行了分析和评价。通过溶胶-凝胶技术和分子筛包覆的方法制备的钴系催化剂,其活性和稳定性得到了提高;钯铜系催化剂经过载体改性和加入适当的助剂,甲醇转化率增大并在一定程度上抑制了氯离子的流失;无氯铜系催化剂避免了对设备的腐蚀,但催化活性和DMC的选择性普遍较低。最后指出利用各种现代表征手段以及分析技术研究表面过程深刻了解甲醇羰基合成机理,才能在催化剂的设计和开发上取得创新和突破。Based on the oxidative carbonylation mechanism of cuprous chloride,copper chloride,and copper zeolite catalysts,new research progress in heterogeneous catalysts,including category,structure,activity center and preparation are summarized.Their catalytic performances are analyzed respectively.The activity and stability of cobalt catalysts are improved by sol-gel technique and encapsulated in zeolite.For palladium and copper catalysts,the methanol conversion is increased and the loss of chlorine is suppressed after the modification of supports and the addition of appropriate promoters.Chlorine-free copper catalysts can avoid equipment corrosion,but there is some decrease in catalytic activity and selectivity of DMC.Finally,by utilizing variety of modern characterization and analysis techniques,the surface process can be studied to understand the mechanism of methanol carbonylation deeply,so that real innovations and breakthroughs can be made in the design and the development of catalysts.

关 键 词：碳酸二甲酯 氧化羰基化 多相催化剂 反应机理 

分 类 号：TQ225.52[化学工程—有机化工]