养分平衡法在冬小麦测土推荐施肥中的应用研究  

The application of nutritious balance method for soil testing and recommend fertilization on winter wheat

作　　者：杜君[1] 白由路[1] 杨俐苹[1] 卢艳丽[1] 王磊[1] 王贺[1] 王志勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部作物营养与施肥重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2012年第1期7-13,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"高效施肥关键技术研究与示范"项目(专题编号2008BADA4B03)

摘　　要：针对我国冬小麦主产区的主要土壤类型之一潮土,通过对大量小麦肥效试验结果的分析,分别计算出小麦单位产量养分吸收量、土壤有效养分校正系数、肥料当季利用率等施肥参数。并基于养分平衡法的优点,主要研究了土壤环境因素和产量水平因素等对土壤有效养分校正系数和肥料利用率的影响及变化规律。结果表明,土壤有效养分含量与土壤有效养分校正系数及肥料当季利用率呈极显著曲线负相关关系。在此基础上,建立了以养分平衡原理为依据、土壤有效养分的测定为基础的我国潮土冬小麦测土推荐施肥指标体系,以简捷、快速、科学合理地指导我国小麦的施肥与生产。Aiming at the fluvo-aquic soil, one of the main soil types in major wheat producing areas, by analysis of the re- sults of many fertilizer efficiency experiments on winter wheat, the fertilization parameters, sLIch as nutrient uptake amount per 100 kg grain yield, utilization coefficient of soil nutrients and fertilizer use efficiency were figured out respectively. And based on advantages of the nutrient balance method, the influence of soil environmental factor and grain yield level factor on calibration coefficient of soil available nutrient and fertilizer use efficiency, and their change regularity were studied mainly. The results indicated that soil available nutrient contents demonstrated significantly negative correlations with calibration coef- ficient of soil available nutrient and fertilizer use efficiency respectively. On their conclusions, we established soil testing and recommend fertilization index system on wheat in fluvo-aquic soil, founded on nutritious balance method, and based on soil testing, in order to guide winter wheat fertilization and production directly, quickly, scientifically and rationally.

关 键 词：养分平衡 目标产量 土壤有效养分校正系数 肥料利用率 推荐施肥 

分 类 号：S131.3[农业科学—农业基础科学] S147.2