小麦秸秆混配基质对甜椒幼苗生长和光合参数的影响  

Wheat straw residue substrate as component of mixed substrate for sweet pepper growth and photosynthesis

作　　者：曾清华[1] 孙锦[1] 郭世荣[1] 刘超杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院/农业部南方蔬菜遗传改良重点开放实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2012年第1期89-94,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：江苏省农业三项工程项目[SX(2010)087];现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-25-C-03)

摘　　要：将小麦秸秆、草炭和蛭石按不同比例混配成小麦秸秆混配基质,研究其理化性状及其在甜椒育苗中的应用效果。结果表明,随着混配基质中秸秆基质含量的增加,复合基质的容重、总孔隙度、持水孔隙度均呈上升趋势,而其通气孔隙度却呈下降趋势;添加小麦秸秆基质,提高了混配基质的pH值、电导率、阳离子交换量以及氮、钙、镁元素含量,降低了基质的磷元素含量;当小麦秸秆基质含量为36%时,T3处理(秸秆∶草炭∶蛭石为36∶54∶10)中甜椒幼苗的单株干重、壮苗指数、叶绿素总量均高于对照,分别比对照提高10.6%、8.4%、2.1%,其净光合速率则显著高于对照,比对照提高7.8%。因此,小麦秸秆∶草炭∶蛭石=36∶54∶10的混配基质适合于甜椒幼苗的生长发育,可作为甜椒育苗基质使用。The use of wheat-straw residue substrate as component of mixed substrate for sweet pepper seedling growth instead of peat was studied. Straw residue substrate, peat and vermiculite were mixed in various ratios. Prior to sowing, some physical and chemical properties of the seedling substrates were determined and the growth of sweet pepper seedling was also studied. The results showed that, with the increase of wheat residue content in the mixture, the dry bulk density, total po- rosity, water holding porosity, nutrient concentrations, electrical conductivity and caption exchange capability all had a tendency to increase, whereas the aeration porosity had a tendency to decrease ; When the percentage of wheat-straw residue substrate was 36% （straw residue： peat： vermiculite =36： 54： 10） , the dry weight per plant, strength index, total content of chlorophyll of the sweet pepper seedlings exceeded control by 10. 6%, 8. 4%, 2. 1% and the net photosynthetic rates of the sweet pepper seedlings significantly exceeded control by 7. 8%. Thus, the formula of 36% straw residue with 54% peat and 10% vermiculite was ideal for the growth and development of sweet pepper seedlings.

关 键 词：小麦秸秆 基质 甜椒 光合作用 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]