中等嗜热菌浸出黄铜矿的温度影响规律及种群组成分析  

Temperature influence on chalcopyrite bioleaching by moderate thermophile bacteria and microbial population analysis

作　　者：温建康[1] 徐金光[2] 陈勃伟[1] 武彪[1] 姚国成[1,3] 刘美林[1] 王淀佐[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]北京有色金属研究总院生物冶金国家工程实验室,北京100088 [2]中国瑞林工程技术有限公司,江西南昌330002 [3]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083 [4]中国工程院,北京100088

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第1期1-7,共7页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划("863"计划)项目(2007AA060900);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(50934002);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB02A08)

摘　　要：在不同温度条件下进行浸出实验。研究结果表明:中等嗜热菌在12～55℃时可保持浸矿活性,其最适生长温度为45～50℃,温度达到60℃时初始阶段还保持一定活性,但几天后菌浓度逐渐降低,种群比例发生较大变化;克隆文库分析表明:45℃和60℃条件下浸矿细菌主要为Leptospirillum ferriphilum,Acidithiobacillus caldus,Sulfobacillus thermotolerans和Acidosphaera rubrifaciens,其中Leptospirillum ferriphilum菌所占比例较大,是浸矿过程中的优势菌种。60℃条件下浸出过程中还存在古生菌Ferroplasma cupricumulans,古生菌可以利用其他浸矿菌产生的有机物为能源生长。它们之间对浸出所起的作用是相辅相成的,可共同促进黄铜矿的溶解。Bioleaching of chalcopyrite with moderate thermophilic bacteria was conducted at different temperatures.The results show that the moderate thermophiles can present bioleaching ability at 12-55 ℃ during leaching process.The optimum growth temperature is 45-50℃.When the temperature reaches 60 ℃,moderate thermophiles can maintain activity in the initial stage,but after a few days the bacteria concentration reduces gradually.16S rDNA clone library reveals that the composition of moderate thermophiles at 45 ℃ and 60 ℃ are mainly Leptospirillum ferriphilum,Acidithiobacillus caldus,Sulfobacillus thermotolerans and Acidosphaera rubrifaciens.Leptospirillum ferriphilum is the dominant bacteria at the both temperatures,and archaea Ferroplasma cupricumulans are found at 60 ℃,which can use organic substances produced by other bacteria as energy source.It is suggested that these bacteria can supplement each other during bioleaching,thus facilitating the dissolution of chalcopyrite.

关 键 词：细菌浸出 黄铜矿 中等嗜热菌 克隆文库 

分 类 号：TF18[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]