中国制造业总量生产率增长的来源——基于PL方法的分析  

The Source of Aggregate Productivity Growth in China Manufacturing

作　　者：刘伟巍[1] 秦双全[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学政府管理学院,北京100871 [2]上海财经大学国际工商管理学院,上海200433

出　　处：《经济管理》2012年第3期41-49,共9页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"新区域协调发展理论与政策研究"(07ZD010)

摘　　要：本文利用Petrin&Levinsohn(2011)(简称PL方法)提出的总量生产率增长的分析方法,通过对2000～2007年制造业总量生产率增长的分析表明,制造业总量生产率年均增长率为14.7%,其主要来源于存活企业的技术效率增长率和资源配置效应,而企业的进入和退出对总量生产率增长的贡献不大。对各省制造业的分析发现,各省区的总量生产率增长存在着显著的差异,其他地区增长率快于东部地区,这为近年来区域经济差异的缩小提供了一个可能的解释。而且,东部地区和其他地区制造业生产率的增长分别主要依赖于技术创新和资源有效配置。最后,生产率水平发生急剧变化的企业占制造业的比重不高,但对其总量生产率增长的影响很大,两者影响基本抵消;而生产率水平维持在高位的企业对总量生产率增长的贡献最大。The paper uses the method proposed by Petrin and Levinsohn （2011） to analyze every Chinese manufacturing firm＇s contribution to the aggregate productivity growth of the whole manufacturing from 2000 to 2007, and decompose those contributions into within-firm allocation. Aggregate productivity growth is defined as the technical efficiency progress and between-firm resource difference between the change in aggregate final demand and the change in aggregate costs on primary inputs such as labor and capital, which links the demand side with the production side and therefore makes it have welfare implications. Using the decomposition methods on Chinese manufacturing, we mainly answer three questions ： （ 1 ） which is the main source of China growth, input accumula- tion or TFP growth？ （2） where does the TFP growth come from, the technology advancement or effective use of in- puts？ （3） is there significant difference in the productivity dynamics across provinces and among firms with different level or growth rate of productivity？ Answers to those questions help to understand of the Growth and provide a perspective about the role of technical progress and institutional changes cle. The data we use in the analysis come from the annual focus on the manufacturing industries. The analysis result growth rate of the value added of Chinese manufacturing is China＇s Pattern of growth mirasurvey conducted by National Bureau of Statistics and we shows that during the period of 2000 -2007 the average 15.27%, about 93% of which comes from the aggregate productivity growth. The estimate is high compared to existing research because of our different definition on aggregate productivity growth. Decomposing the aggregate productivity growth shows that on average the main source of aggregate productivity growth is from the incumbents rather than the net effect of entrants or exiters. That is, the incumbents contributed 89% of the aggregate productivity growth during the period while the net effect of exit and e

关 键 词：总量生产率增长 技术效率 资源配置效应 进入效应 退出效应 

分 类 号：F424.7[经济管理—产业经济]