陕西省肾综合征出血热疫区人群国产疫苗免疫远期效果分析  

Long term epidemiological effects of vaccination on hemorrhagical fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in Shaanxi provincial HFRS epidemic areas

作　　者：王敬军[1] 魏战臻 魏菁[1] 马长安[2] 董建华[1] 卢晓玲[2] 郑媛[1] 余鹏博[1] 屈建会 董丽芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心,西安710054 [2]户县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2012年第3期309-312,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的研究肾综合征出血热（HVRS）疫苗远期保护率，分析疫苗接种后抗体变化规律。方法采取整群、随机抽样和横断面调查方法，在陕西省HFRS疫区（户县）和非疫区（定边县）开展发病和疫苗接种调查，采用ELISA检测血清IgG抗体。结果HFRS疫苗保护率拟合接种年限的曲线方程[保护率y=（0．863＋O．283Ⅸ年限）×100％]，末次接种7—8年后保护率降到90％以下，10年后为88％，平均94％；疫区接种人群IgG检测吸光度（A）中位数高于疫区非接种人群4倍，完成基础免疫接种即可获得较高抗体水平，末次接种5—10年间抗体水平下降50％，10年以后下降60％。结论在HFRS疫区，人群抗体在末次接种后5～10年间下降50％，疫苗保护率在7～8年后降到90％以下，可考虑7年后再加强接种一个针次。Objective To evaluate the protective rate and the variation of HFRS-IgG on hemorrhagical fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） vaccine. Methods Cluster, random sampling and cross-sectional study were used to assess the protective rate of HFRS vaccination. Level of HFRS-IgG was detected with ELISA in epidemic and non-epidemic areas of HFRS. Results Curve equation was obtained as Yp,o,~,~ = （0.863 ＋ 0.283/Xva^ioa~ ~） X 100% by protective rate with vaccination term. Protective rates showed a reducing trend, 90% after 7-8 years of vaccination, 88% after 10 years, and 94% on average. Absorbance （A） value of HFRS-IgG was 4 times higher in persons with vaccination than those without, in the epidemic area. Higher antibody level could be obtained after primary vaccination, but the level of antibody had a 50% reduction after 5-10 years of vaccination, and a 60% reduction after 10 years of vaccination. Conclusion HFRS antibody had a 50% reduction after 5-10 years of vaccination. The protective rate of HFRS vaccination had a 90% loss, after 7-8 years of vaccination. Booster dose was necessary after 7 years of vaccination.

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热疫苗 抗体 保护率 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学]