我国优秀男子拳击运动员后手直拳击打环节相关肌群的EMG特征及其运动学分析  

Kinematics and Relatively Muscle sEMG Analysis on the Punch-impact Phase in Back Straight Punch of Chinese Male Elite Boxers

作　　者：吴瑛[1] 刘海瑞[1] 张庆文[1] 伍勰[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院,上海200438

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2012年第2期57-62,共6页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会重点科研计划项目(08490512900);上海市教委重点学科建设资助项目(J51001);上海市教委创新重点项目(10ZS109)

摘　　要：目的:研究我国优秀男子拳击运动员后手直拳出拳击打环节相关肌群的sEMG特征及其相应的运动学变化,为拳击专项力量训练提供参考。方法:通过表面肌电和三维红外高速摄像系统同步测试方法,采集6名高水平男子拳击运动员后手直拳出拳击打环节表面肌电和运动学的相关数据。结果:1)出拳击打环节,肌肉活动顺序为:腓肠肌→股二头肌→三角肌前束→肱三头肌→肱二头肌长头→肱桡肌。2)击打过程中三角肌前束、肱二头肌和肱三头肌肉在相应时间位置上出现明显的预激活和共收缩现象。3)肌肉做功百分比排序为:三角肌前束>肱三头肌>股二头肌>腓肠肌>肱桡肌>肱二头肌长头,aEMG计算结果与肌肉做功百分比保持相一致的趋势。4)肩关节、上臂环节质心和拳心速度的峰值在击打过程中呈现次序性。结论:拳击后直拳出拳击打环节所选肌肉活动呈现从下肢向上肢激活的次序性。击打过程中三角肌前束、肱二头肌和肱三头肌肉在相应时间位置上出现的预激活和共收缩现象可能是反映运动员技术水平和特点的指标。在肌肉做功百分比和aEMG方面,三角肌前束、肱三头肌和股二头肌在动作过程中表现出相对重要的地位。上肢相关肌群的活动次序与肩关节、上臂环节质心和拳心速度变化的时序性有着合理的解剖学相关,是产生上肢开放链鞭打动作的根本原因。The purpose of this study was to analysis kinematics and relatively muscle sEMG features on punch-impact phase in back straight punch of male boxing elites of China and provide the basis for specialization muscle training.Methods：Three-dimensional video graphic and synchronism surface electromyography telemetry were collected from 6 male elite boxers performing back straight punch at their maximum effort.Results：Muscle sequencing in punch-impact phase were：gastrocnemius→biceps femoris→deltoid toe→triceps brachii→biceps brachii→brachioradialis.Deltoid toe,biceps brachii and triceps brachii in corresponding time position appears distinct pre-activation and co-activation.According to muscle work/Loading Percent in punch-impact phase,deltoid toetriceps brachiibiceps femorisgastrocnemiusbrachioradialisbiceps brachii;aEMG result keep the trend with the muscle work/loading percent.During punch-impact phase,shoulder joint,centroid of upper arm and hand peak velocity increase in turn at chronological order.Conclusions：In punch-impact phase,muscle activation sequencing demonstrated from low to upper limbs,deltoid toe,biceps brachii and triceps brachii＇s pre-activation and co-activation worth to concern.In muscle work/load percent and aEMG,deltoid toe,triceps brachii and biceps femoris are important in punch-impact phase.There is a reasonable correlation of anatomy between upper limb muscles activity sequencing and shoulder joint,centroid of upper arm、hand peak velocity order,also causes of open chain whip in upper limb.

关 键 词：拳击 男子 优秀运动员 后手直拳 表面肌电 肌肉活动顺序 运动学 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]