实际污水与模拟污水活性污泥系统的特性差异  

Characteristic differences of activated sludge systems between real wastewater and simulated wastewater

作　　者：彭赵旭[1] 彭永臻[1,2] 刘旭亮[1] 于振波[1] 柴同志[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090 [2]北京工业大学环境与能源学院,北京100022

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2012年第3期749-754,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2009BAC57B01);北京市属高等学校人才强教计划高层次人才资助项目(PHR20090502)

摘　　要：实验中经常采用人工配置的模拟生活污水,为了研究其与实际生活污水活性污泥系统的特性差异,采用2个序批式间歇反应器(SBR)进行平行实验(厌氧、好氧方式运行),系统地考察了在进水主要组分和运行参数相同的情况下,不同原水对活性污泥系统脱氮、除磷、比好氧速率、污泥絮体形态和出水水质等方面的影响。结果表明,模拟污水系统的硝化活性强于实际污水系统,两者的平均硝化速率分别为7.43 mg NH4+-N/(L.h)和5.55 mg NH4+-N/(L.h)。在前置厌氧段,模拟污水系统的释磷量比实际污水系统高出36.45%。两者在后续好氧阶段都能够充分吸磷。模拟污水系统的平均比好氧速率(SOUR)高达64.54 mg O2/(g MLSS.h),而实际污水系统的则只有32.81 mg O2/(g MLSS.h)。模拟污水系统的污泥絮体疏松,粒径小,形状不规则,沉降性差,沉后出水平均悬浮物浓度(SS)为20 mg/L;而实际污水系统的污泥絮体则密实、粒径大,沉降性好,沉后水十分清澈,SS几乎检测不出。In daily experiment,simulated wastewater was usually used for activated sludge system.In order to investigate its characteristic differences compared to real wastewater activated sludge system,the impacts of different raw wastewater which have the same composition on nitrogen removal,phosphorus removal,specific oxygen uptake rate（SOUR）,sludge flocs morphology and effluent quality were all analyzed.Two sequencing batch reactors（SBRs） operated as anaerobic/aerobic mode were carried out under the same operation parameters in parallel.The results show that,nitrification performance in simulated wastewater system is better than that in real wastewater system.The average nitrification rates are 7.43 mg NH＋4-N/（L·h） and 5.55 mg NH＋4-N/（L·h）,respectively.In the pre-anaerobic phase,the phosphorus released in simulated wastewater system is 36.45% bigger than that in real wastewater system.Both systems can take up phosphorus sufficiently in the following aerobic phase.The average SOUR in simulated wastewater system can reach up to 64.54 mg O2/（g MLSS·h）,while it is only 32.81 mg O2/（g MLSS·h） in real wastewater system.Activated sludge flocs in simulated wastewater system show a looser morphology,smaller particle size,irregular shape,worse settleability and more average suspended solids（SS） which reach up to as high as 20 mg/L in effluent;while in real wastewater system sludge flocs show more compacter,bigger particle size,better settleability and cleaner effluent supernatant with undetectable SS.

关 键 词：脱氮 释磷 比好氧速率 粒径 沉降性 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]