中国沙棘(♀)×蒙古沙棘(♂)杂种F_1重要选种性状表型多样性与选优研究  

Phenotypic Diversity of Hybrids Progenies of Seabuckthorn and Selection of Superior Genotypes

作　　者：段爱国[1] 张建国[1] 罗红梅[2] 李健雄[2] 

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091 [2]中国林业科学研究院磴口沙漠林业实验中心,内蒙古磴口015200

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2012年第1期30-35,共6页Forest Research

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院林业研究所重点项目“沙棘生态经济型优良杂种选育与示范”(ZD200904);科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目“大果沙棘优良引进品种产业化示范(2009GB24320470)”资助

摘　　要：基于远缘杂交技术路线,以中国沙棘优良单株MK-88-01、HF-88-05为母本,俄罗斯栽培种阿列依及蒙古大果沙棘乌兰格木子代优良雄株为父本,开展了中国沙棘与蒙古沙棘2个亚种间杂交育种研究。结果发现:杂种子代性状分化严重,棘刺数、百果质量、果实产量等最重要的几项经济指标的遗传分化程度最大。选育出3个优良杂种单株,其树高均显著高于父本,2年生枝棘刺数均为3个,与母本中国沙棘相比,棘刺数大量减少。优良杂种单株百果质量与单株产量分别达26.33 29.33 g、2.00 2.50 kg,比母本中国沙棘分别提高31.34%46.30%、66.67%108.33%。杂交子代具有单株生长量越大,其果实与种子表型指标就越小的变化规律,与母本中国沙棘体大果小、父本蒙古沙棘体小果大的表型特征相吻合。In order to improve both the economic value and ecological adaptability of seabuckthom,Chinese Seabuckthorn（Hippophae rhamnoides ssp.sinensis） as female parent was crossed with Russian and Mongolian Seabuckthom（H.rhamnoides ssp.Mongolica） as male parent.The cross pollination was started in 2002.It was found that the phenotypic variations of hybrids progenies were obvious.The most important economical indices,such as numbers of thorns,100-berry weight and berry yields,were found having the biggest phenotypic variations extent.Three hybrid individual trees were selected in 2009.Experimental results indicated that the selected 3 hybrids were significantly larger than the male parents in height and fewer thorns than the female parents.The 100-berry weight and berry yields of superior hybrids arrived respectively 26.3329.33 g,and 2.002.50 kg,compared with female parent Chinese Seabuckthorn,improved by 31.34%46.30%,66.67%108.33%.The hybrid progenies had an important variation law that the stems,having bigger growth quantities,had smaller berries and seeds,the phenomena were consistent with appearance characteristics of male and female parents.

关 键 词：沙棘 杂交育种 表型变异 选优 

分 类 号：S793.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]