优质棉‘沧198’多茎株型栽培技术研究  

Study on Culture Technique of More-stalk Cotton ‘Cang198'

作　　者：刘贞贞[1] 李洪芹[1] 张忠波[1] 孙玉英[1] 柴卫东[1] 刘永平[1] 

机构地区：[1]沧州市农林科学院,河北沧州061001

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第18期100-103,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"耐盐棉花品种筛选与盐碱地棉花增产技术集成研究与示范"(200903001-7-2-6);农业科技成果转化资金项目"优质棉新品种沧198及高产简化集成技术示范"(2007GB2A200027)

摘　　要：为确定优质棉‘沧198’的高产简化配套技术,进一步明确多茎栽培对不同肥力、不同气候年型的适应性,2007—2009年,采用随机区组设计方法,以常规株型为对照,研究‘沧198’多茎株型的增产效果;分析纤维品质、成铃空间分布特点及劳动效率和经济效益。结果表明:‘沧198’多茎株型在不同气候年型,均表现出显著增产效果,增产幅度在12.5%～22.1%之间;下部1～4果枝结铃,单铃重平均为4.47g,略低于常规株型(4.70g);上部13～14果枝成铃质量显著优于常规株型,单铃重提高了14.5%,子指增加了7.5%,衣分提高了6.6%;叶枝结铃平均单铃重为5.2g,纤维品质与常规株型无明显差异。多茎株型与常规株型相比,节省整枝用工62.5%,劳动用工投资减少18.0%,劳动效率提高了1.37倍,经济效益增加了39.6%。‘沧198’多茎株型主茎和叶枝协调发育,叶枝早摘心,解决叶枝铃小、吐絮晚、质量差的技术难题,不同气候年型、不同肥力条件均表现显著的增产效果,实现了高产优质、简化、高效目标。To determine the high quality cotton ‘ Cang198 ＇ simplified supporting technology to further clarify the multi-stem cultivation of different soil fertility,adaptability to different climatic year types,2007-2009,using randomized block design,with conventional plant type as a control,3 consecutive years of ‘ Cang198 ＇ effect of increasing yield more stems;analysis of fiber quality,boll characteristics and spatial distribution of labor efficiency and economic benefits.The results showed that：‘ Cang198 ＇ more stems in different types had shown a significant increase yield,yield increased 12.5% to 22.1%,the lower fruiting branches 1 to 4 boll weight average 4.47 g,slightly lower than the conventional plant type 4.70 g;the upper 13 to 14 fruiting branch boll quality was significantly better than conventional plant type,boll weight by 14.5%,7.5% increase in seed index,lint percentage high of 6.6%.The urophylla average boll weight 5.2 g,fiber quality and no significant difference between conventional plant type.More stems,compared with the conventional plant type,save pruning labor 62.5%,18.0% decreased in investment in labor and employment,labor efficiency 1.37 times,economic efficiency 39.6%.‘Cang198 ＇ plant types stems and leafy shoots co-ordination and development of main stem,leafy shoots early topping address leafy shoots a small bell,boll opening night,poor quality of technical problems,different climatic year types,different soil fertility conditions showed a significant increase yield and achieve the high yield and quality,simplicity,efficiency goals.

关 键 词：'沧198’ 多茎株型 产量与品质 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]