不同培肥措施对土壤养分和小麦产量的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilizing Treatments on Soil Nutrient and Yield of Wheat

作　　者：汪洪焦[1] 隋鹏[1] 石彦琴[1] 熊杰[1] 陈源泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第18期192-196,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"不同耕法和培肥措施改良农田生态健康障碍因子的机理研究"(30900875)

摘　　要：为了改变华北平原传统的施肥方式,同时充分合理地利用当地闲置浪费的有机肥。试验设在中国农业大学河北吴桥试验站,采用华北平原常规的耕作方式,按等氮量施肥的原则,分别对冬小麦进行单施化肥、化肥+秸秆、化肥+有机肥3种不同的培肥处理。研究不同培肥处理对冬小麦产量构成、生理特性以及地上部小麦叶片SPAD值的影响和叶片SPAD值与叶片全氮量的相关性。结果表明:有机肥+化肥和秸秆+化肥的使用在一定程度上均能改变土壤养分含量和作物地上部分氮含量,且均优于单施化肥的处理,在产量方面,有机肥+化肥与秸秆+化肥的处理比单施化肥处理分别增产3.63%和2.11%。The purpose of this research was to optimize the conventional fertilization method in north China plain,and to fully and rationally utilize the organic fertilizer unused and wasted.The study was carried out in china agricultural university ＇ s testing station located in Wuqiao County,Hebei Province.Under the condition of the same N fertilizer application rate and the traditional farming method,chemical fertilizer （CF）,organic fertilizer ＋ chemical fertilizer （OF＋CF） and straw biological fertilizer ＋ chemical fertilizer （SF＋CF） were applied to the treatment of winter wheat,in order to study the influence of fertilization treatments on wheat ＇ s yield components and physiological property,and on SPAD values in leaves,and the correlation between SPAD values and total N content in leaves.The results showed that the treatments of OF＋CF and SF＋CF were better than CF,and they could increase soil nutrient content and the nitrogen content on aerial part of winter wheat.Compared to CF,the wheat yields in the processing of OF＋CF and SF＋CF increased 3.63% and 2.11%,respectively.The probable reasons for that might be the increase of the nitrogen content in leaves could improve their photosynthesis capacity,and treatments of OF＋CF and SF＋CF could slow the releasing rate of fertilizer,which would delay leaf senescence.

关 键 词：小麦 有机肥 SPAD值 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]