松嫩平原破碎化羊草草甸退化演替系列植物多样性的空间格局  

Spatial patterns of plant species diversity in a degraded successional series of fragmented Leymus chinensis meadow in Songnen Plain of Northeast China

作　　者：韩大勇[1,2] 杨永兴[1] 杨允菲[2] 李建东[2] 杨杨[3] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院教育部长江水环境重点实验室/污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]东北师范大学草地科学研究所教育部植被生态科学重点实验室,长春130024 [3]同济大学生命科学与技术学院,上海200092

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2012年第3期666-672,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170504;41171074;30770397;30470180;40771013)资助

摘　　要：物种多样性格局是国际生物多样性科学前沿领域热点问题.本文以松嫩平原破碎化羊草草甸退化演替系列(6种植物群落、144个斑块)为研究对象,系统地探讨了其!、β和γ多样性空间格局及其机理.结果表明:在羊草草甸退化演替系列中共发现87种植物,但没有一种能分布于所有斑块;羊草+鸡儿肠群落或羊草群落的α、β和γ多样性较高,多稀有种和特有种;碱地肤群落最低,少稀有种,无特有种;γ多样性与α多样性显著正相关,但与β多样性无相关性.各植物群落的α多样性与单个斑块面积呈显著幂函数关系,β多样性(相似性指数Sjk)仅羊草+鸡儿肠群落呈显著幂函数关系;斑块平均面积和总面积与α、γ多样性呈显著正相关,与β多样性无相关性.群落的物种丰富度越高,稀有种和特有种就越多,物种在局域斑块上灭绝的可能性越大;β多样性在物种多样性格局中的重要性与生境破碎化程度有关.Species diversity pattern is a hot topic in the forward field of international biodiversity research.Taking a degraded successional series（six communities distributed in 144 isolated patches） of fragmented Leymus chinensis meadow in Songnen Plain as test objects,this paper studied the spatial patterns of !,β,and γ diversities and related mechanisms.Eighty seven plant species were recorded,but none of them were distributed across all patches.L.chinensis ＋ Kalimeris integrifolia community or L.chinensis community had higher !,β,and γ diversities,with more rare species and endemic species,while Kochia sieversiana community had lower !,β,and γ diversities,with few rare species and no endemic species.The γ diversity showed significant positive correlation with ! diversity,but no correlation with β diversity.There was a significant power function correlation between the α diversity and the area of single patch of the six communities,but no correlation between the β diversity（Bray-Curtis similarity index,S jk） and the area of single patch of the communities except for L.chinensis ＋ K.integrifolia.Both the α and γ diversity showed significant correlations with the mean patch area and total patch area,but the β diversity did not.The higher the species richness in the communities,the more the rare species and endemic species,the larger the possibility of species depopulation in local patches was.The importance of β diversity for shaping species diversity pattern was related to the degree of habitat fragmentation.

关 键 词：羊草草甸 物种多样性 空间格局 植物群落斑块 松嫩平原 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]