不同水土保持技术模式的坡耕地产流、产沙特征  

Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield on Sloping Farmland in Different Soil and Water Conservation Technology Modes

作　　者：陈伟[1,2] 魏永霞[1,2] 王存国 王晓艳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学水利与建筑学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省高校节水农业重点实验室,哈尔滨150030 [3]黑龙江农垦北安分局红星农场水务局,黑龙江北安164000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第6期27-30,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD88B01);黑龙江省科技攻关计划项目(GB06B106-3);东北农业大学创新团队计划项目(CXT003-2-3)

摘　　要：针对松嫩平原北部丘陵漫岗区坡耕地水土流失的严重性,利用2009,2010年2年时间在天然降雨条件下首次采用工程技术与耕作技术相结合的综合技术模式进行研究,径流小区包括鼠洞、鼠洞+暗管、垄向区田、鼠洞+垄向区田、鼠洞+暗管+垄向区田5种不同水土保持技术模式,并与对照小区常规进行对比进而揭示各小区的产流产沙特征。结果表明:(1)综合水土保持技术模式对产流产沙的延缓效果最好;(2)各小区的产流产沙量由大到小依次为:垄向区田、鼠洞、鼠洞+暗管、鼠洞+垄向区田和鼠洞+暗管+垄向区田。(3)与对照区相比,综合技术模式的减流减沙效益明显优于单一的技术模式,其中鼠洞+暗管+垄向区田和鼠洞+垄向区田的效果最好。Based on the problems of serious soil and water loss on the sloping farmland in the gentle hilly re- gion of the northern of song-nen plain, during the year of 2009 and 2010, the comprehensive technique model of combining engineering technology and farming technology was first used by natural rainfall to study, the runoff plots included five kinds of soil and water conservation technology modes of mole drain, the combina- tion of mole drain and subsurface pipe, furrow damming, the combination of mole drain and furrow dam- ming, the combination of mole drain and subsurface pipe and furrow damming, and the five runoff plots were contrasted with control plot of conventional tillage in order to reveal the characteristics of runoff and sedi- ment yield. The results were showed. （1）Comprehensive soil and water conservation technology mode had the best effect to delay runoff and sediment yield. （2）The order of runoff and sediment yield amount of differ- ent plots from big to small was furrow damming, mole drain, the combination of mole drain and subsurface pipe, the combination of mole drain and furrow damming, the combination of mole drain and subsurface pipe and furrow damming; （3）Compared to the control, comprehensive soil and water conservation technology mode were significantly better than the single technology modes on benefitting in runoff and sediment reduc- tion, in which the combination of mole drain and furrow damming and the combination of mole drain and sub- surface pipe and furrow damming had a better effect.

关 键 词：天然降雨 坡耕地 水土保持措施 产流 产沙 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]