控释掺混肥对夏玉米产量及土壤硝态氮和铵态氮分布的影响  

Effect of Controlled-release Urea Combined with Common Urea on the Grain Yields of Summer Maize and Distribution of Soil Ammonium and Nitrate Content

作　　者：李伟[1] 李絮花[1] 唐慎欣[1] 李海燕[1] 刘旭凤[1] 彭强[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第6期68-71,91,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2011BAD11B05-18)

摘　　要：通过田间试验研究释放期60d的水基包膜尿素与普通尿素常规施肥用量下不同比例配合追施对夏玉米产量、肥料利用率、氮肥农学利用率、氮肥偏生产力、氮素收获指数、氮素积累量及0-60cm土壤硝铵态氮含量动态分布的影响。结果表明:各控释掺混处理对夏玉米的产量、肥料利用率、氮肥农学利用率、氮肥偏生产力及氮素收获指数较常规施肥都有不同程度的提高,以控氮比50%处理最佳,产量和氮肥利用率分别比对照的提高9.43%和24.69%,达到显著水平;各控释掺混处理0-60cm土壤都保持较高的硝态氮含量,至后期较常规施肥的略高,满足了玉米的生长。玉米各时期土壤铵态氮含量大致以高控氮比处理的含量高,差异不明显,但显著高于常规施肥处理的。控氮比50%处理更适合本区域玉米生产。Field experiment were carried out on grain yield of summer maize to determine the effect of differ- ent proportions of water-base controlled-release coated urea of 60 d release duration combined with conven- tional urea as topdressing on nitrogen utilization, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, nitrogen partial productivi- ty, nitrogen harvest index and nitrogen accumulation. Dynamic distribution of nitrate content in soil was also studied. The findings indicated that the treatment of controlled-release urea combined with conventional urea （CRUCU）was remarkably higher than the ones used urea alone in various degree in maize yield, fertilizer uti- lization, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, productivity and nitrogen partial nitrogen harvest index, and the treatment used 50% controlled-release coated urea was superior to other ones. Its yield was increased by 9.43 % than the treatment used urea alone, while nitrogen utilization was 24. 69 %. Both differences reached significant level. The nitrate nitrogen content of treatment of CRUCU was sufficient in 0-60 cm depth in soil layer throughout the later growth stage of maize, which accorded with demand of maize growth. The treatments of CRUCU with higher amount of controlled-released coated urea had a higher ammonium nitro- gen content compared with what used urea alone, but the difference of CRUCU was not obvious. Under the experimental condition in this paper, the treatment with 50 % controlled-release coated urea outperformed ob- viously the summer maize production in the region.

关 键 词：夏玉米产量 控释掺混肥 肥料利用率 硝态氮 铵态氮 

分 类 号：S143.15[农业科学—肥料学] S158.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]