山西省主要类型土壤镁素供应状况及镁肥施用效果  

Magnesium Supply Status of Main Soil Types and Effects of Magnesium Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Crops in Shanxi Province

作　　者：丁玉川[1] 焦晓燕[1] 聂督[1] 程滨[1] 赵瑞芬[1] 刘平[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,山西省土壤环境与养分资源重点实验室,太原030006

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第6期139-143,180,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(20080311026)

摘　　要：采用田间调查、土壤盆栽和大田试验相结合的方法,研究山西省主要类型土壤镁素供应状况及镁肥施用效果。结果表明,山西省主要类型土壤耕层(0-20cm)交换性镁含量在78.1～641.8mg/kg范围内,平均含量为255.1mg/kg。不同类型土壤交换性镁含量高低依次为潮土>褐土>栗褐土>石灰性褐土>黄绵土>褐土性土。土壤交换性镁含量与土壤主要化学性质密切相关。生物消耗试验表明,褐土和石灰性褐土的镁生物有效性较高,其次是褐土性土和黄绵土,栗褐土和潮土的镁生物有效性最低。与不施镁肥相比,施镁大豆增产2.77%～9.04%,玉米增产2.98%～10.21%;大豆籽粒粗蛋白含量提高4.56%～7.52%,玉米籽粒粗蛋白、总淀粉和总糖含量分别提高9.96%～15.36%,2.41%～6.42%和8.52～12.50%。相关分析表明,大豆籽粒中镁含量与籽粒产量、粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量呈显著线性正相关;玉米籽粒中镁含量与籽粒产量呈显著线性正相关,与粗蛋白含量呈曲线关系,而与粗脂肪含量呈现显著线性负相关。研究表明,山西省主要类型土壤交换性镁含量处于较高水平,不同类型土壤交换性镁含量及生物有效性存在显著差异,籽粒中镁与籽粒蛋白质和脂肪含量密切相关,适量施用镁肥可提高农作物产量、改善营养品质。Experiments were conducted with the field investigation, pot and field experiments to study the magnesium supply status of main soil types and effects of Mg fertilizer on yield and quality of crops in Shanxi province. The re- suits showed that the average content of exchangeable Mg in top soils （0-20 cm） of main types of soils in Shanxi province was 255.1 mg/kg,varied from 78. 1 to 641.8 mg/kg. The order of exchangeable Mg content in different type soils was fluvo-aquic soil 〉cinnamon soil ehestnut-cinnamon soil ]〉calcareous cinnamon soil loessal soil cinnamony soil. There were close relationships between exchangeable Mg contents in top soils and major chemical properties in top soils. The biological consumption experiment indicated that Mg biologically availability was higher at cinnamon soil and calcareous cinnamon soil, and then cinnamony soil and loessal soil, the smallest were at chestnut- cinnamon soil and fluvo-aquic soil. Compared with the control （without Mg supply）, grain yield of soybean （Glycine max（L. ）Merrilli） was increased by 2.77%~9.04%, and corn （Zea mays L. ） increased by 2.98% -10.21%. Crude protein content in soybean was increased by 4.56 % -7.52 %. Crude protein content, total starch contents, and total sugar contents in corn were increased by 9.96%-15.36%, 2.41%-6.42%, and 8.52% -12.50 %, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that the significant positive linear relationships between Mg contents in grain and grain yield, crude protein content, and crude fat content in grain of soy- bean. The significant positive linear relationships between Mg contents in grain and grain yield of corn, and the significant negative linear relationship between Mg content and crude fat content in grain of corn. The significant curvilinear relationships between Mg contents and crude protein content in grain of corn. This study indicated that the contents of exchangeable Mg were at high level in major soils of Shanxi province. The contents of exchangeable Mg and their biological ava

关 键 词：土壤 镁素状况 生物有效性 镁肥 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学] S158.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]