人参床土的土壤结构及持水性能  

Soil Structure and Keep Water Character of Ginseng Soils

作　　者：陈丽梅[1] 于海业[2] 闫毅[1] 袁月明[1] 李松[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学工程技术学院,吉林长春130118 [2]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院/地面机械仿生技术教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130025

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第6期165-169,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：吉林省科技重点项目(20100424-1);吉林农业大学科研启动基金(2009003)

摘　　要：人参生长的土壤理化环境决定人参的产量,良好的土壤结构能防止土壤侵蚀。试验研究了人参床土的土壤结构及持水性能,分析了老参地土壤物理性状恶化的原因,测定了人参床土颗粒组成、中干团粒、湿团粒、水稳性团聚体、微团聚体占干土重的百分含量及结构破坏率。结果表明:人参床土以物理性砂粒(>0.01mm)为主,约占49%～63%,质地属于砂壤土。人参床土中>1mm干团粒、0.5～2mm水稳性团聚体、>0.01mm微团聚体与产量具有显著的相关性。床土的总孔隙度为55.78%～72.69%,总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度对产量影响很大。床土土壤容重、液相比例与产量之间达到了极显著的相关,土壤容重在0.85g/cm3左右时为最佳值,液相比例达到30%左右时为最佳值。明确了人参床土的持水特征。Ginseng yield is decided soil physicochemical environment of ginseng growth. Good soil composi- tion can avoid soil erosion. Soil structure and keep water character of ginseng soils was studied, the reasons of old ginseng soil physical properties worsen was analyzed, the particle composition of ginseng bed soil were measured. The percentage of dry granule, wet granule, water stable aggregate, micro-aggregates in the gin- seng bed soil were measured and computed. Rupture structure ratio of the ginseng bed soil was calculated. The results showed that the particle composition of ginseng bed soil was regarded the physics sand particle （〉0.01 mm） as principal particle, about having 49% to 63%, which soil texture belonged to sandy soil. dry granule （〉1 mm）, water stable aggregate（0.5-2 mm）, micro-aggregates（〉0.01 mm） in the ginseng bed soil were interrelated remarkably to yield, it was profit that three kinds of granule quantity was increased properly in the process of production. The total porosity of the bed soil was 55.78% to 72. 69%. The total poros- ity, porosity of noncapillary porosity could exert a tremendous influence on yield. Soil density and water content were interrelated remarkably to yield. The optimum value of soii density was 0.85 g/cm3 or so, the optimum value of soil water content was 30% or so. Keep water character of ginseng bed soil was defined.

关 键 词：人参床土 颗粒组成 团聚体组成 孔隙特性 持水性能 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学] S152.71[农业科学—农业基础科学]