三种检测乙型肝炎两对半常用方法的比较  

Comparison of three kinds common methods in detection of hepatitis B

作　　者：刘运周[1] 胡卫红[1] 张薇[1] 王超要[1] 李建业[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第四二一医院检验输血科,广州510318

出　　处：《中国医师进修杂志》2012年第7期22-26,共5页Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法、时间分辨免疫荧光分析（TRFIA）法及胶体金免疫层析（GICA）法检测乙型肝炎血清标志物（乙型肝炎两对半）的临床应用价值。方法145例疑似乙型肝炎患者分别采用ELISA法、TRFIA法及GICA法进行乙型肝炎两对半检测，对结果进行对比分析。结果以TRFIA法测定结果为金标准，ELISA法和GICA法乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙型肝炎e抗体（HBeAb）、乙型肝炎核心杭体（HBcAb）阳性符合率分别为71％（57／80）、45％（36／80），乙型肝炎表面抗体（HBsAb）、HBeAb、HBcAb阳性符合率分别为33％（1／3）、0（0／3），两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；其余两项或者多项联合检测阳性符合率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。ELISA法和GICA法敏感度在HBsAg差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），在HBsAb、乙型肝炎e抗原（HBeAg）、HBeAb、HBcAb差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；特异度在HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBeAb差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。三种方法检测HBsAg的结果比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），ELISA法与TRFIA法比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），GICA法与TRFIA法比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；三种方法检测HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb的结果比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；三种方法检测HBsAb、HBeAb阳性的结果比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），且ELISA法、GICA法与TRFIA法比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论TRFIA法测量范围敏感度、特异度最高，但价格高；ELISA法准确率处于三种方法的中间水平，价格便宜，与TRFIA法同样适合于批量检测；GICA法准确率低，但快速简单，适合于前两种方法的补充。[ Abstract ] Objective To investigate the clinical application value of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and time-resolved fluorescence analysis （TRFIA） and latex immune chromatography （GICA） in detecting hepatitis B serum markers. Methods One hundred and forty-five suspected patients of hepatitis B were detected serum markers of hepatitis B by ELISA, TRFIA and GICA method, and the results were compared and analyzed. Results When TRFIA method was as gold standard, the positive coincidence rate of ELISA and GICA method in HBsAg,/-IBeAb, HBcAb was 71% （57/80）, 45% （36/80）, and in HBsAb,HBeAb, HBcAb was 33%（1/3）, 0 （0/3）, and there were significant differences between two methods （P 〈 0.05） ; the others were no significant differences （P 〉 0.05）. There was significant difference in the sensitivity of HBsAg between ELISA method and GICA method （P 〈 0.05 ） ,but there was no significant difference in HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, HBcAb（P 〉 0.05 ）. There was no significant difference in the specificity of HBsAg, HBsAb,HBsAg,HBeAb and HBcAb between ELISA method and GICA method （P 〉0.05）. There wassignificant difference in HBsAg among three methods （P 〈 0.05）,but there was no significant difference between ELISA method and TRFIA method （P 〉 0.05 ）, and there was significant difference between GICA method and TRFIA method （P 〈 0.05）. There was no significant difference in HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBcAb among three methods（P 〉 0.05） ; there was significant difference in both HBsAb and HBeAb positive among three methods （P 〈 0.05）, and there was significant difference between ELISA method, GICA method and TRFIA method （P〈 0.05）. Conclusion TRFIA method has supreme measuring range, sensitivity andspecificity supreme, but the price is higher; ELISA method is in the intermediate level of three methods and price is cheap, and it as well as TRFIA is suitable for the batch detection; GICA accuracy is low, but quick and simple, it is more s

关 键 词：肝炎 乙型 酶联免疫吸附试验法 时间分辨免疫荧光分析法 胶体金免疫层析法 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]