镁降氟剂饮水降氟影响因素的实验研究  

Experimental study on affecting factors of drinking-water defluoridation by magnesium defluoridation-agent

作　　者：吴丽娜[1] 于德奎[1] 刘凤贞[1] 吕严[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学环境卫生教研室,天津300070

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2000年第2期104-106,共3页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的探讨镁降氟剂饮水降氟的实验影响因素，为镁降氟剂饮水降氟提供理论依据。方法正交实验设计法。结果降氟３０ｍｉｎ内Ⅱ、Ⅲ型降氟剂优于Ⅰ型。 ３种降氟剂２４ｈ混凝后降氟率均可达８０％以上。煮沸降氟效果最好，降氟率达９７％以上。结论实验表明影响降氟效果的主要因素为降氟剂类型，水样的碱度、温度及接触时间。次要因素为水样的硫酸盐浓度、ｐＨ。实验最佳组合条件为常温下３种降氟剂经与水样２４ｈ接触，在实验条件（ｐＨ５～９，碱度：１５１． ２０～７５６． ００ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＳＯ４２－：５０～２５０ｍｇ／Ｌ）下，可使 ５.０ｍｇ／Ｌ高氟水降到１/０ｍｇ／Ｌ以下。煮沸降氟在实验条件下，可使５．０ｍｇ／Ｌ高氟水降到 ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ以下。煮沸降氟符合居民饮用开水的习惯，有实际应用的前景。Objective Study the affecting factors of drinking water defluoridation by magnesium defluori- dation-agent. Methods Orthogonal experimental design. Results Types Ⅱ.Ⅲ of defluoridation-agent were better than type I,especlally within 0.5hrs. The defluoridation rates in 3 types of defluoridation-agent all might reach at least 80 percent after coagulating 24 hus. Heating (100℃) defluoridation was the best,all defluoridation rates reached at least 97 percent. Conclusions The experimental results showed that primary factors affecting defluoridation rates were the types of defluoridation-agent,alkalinity,temperature of water sample,and their contact time. The sulfate concentration,pH were secondary factors. The best composite conditions in drinking-water defluoridation for this experiment were that three types of defluoridation-agent contacted with water sample for 24 hrs, under normal temperature and the experimental condition (pH 5 -9, alkalinity: 151. 20-756. 00mg/L, sulfate concentration: 50-250mg/L),so as to make 5.0mg/L high fluoride in drinking-water drop below 1.0mg/ L. Boiling defluoridation also might make 5. 0mg/L high fluoride in drinking-water drop below 0.5mg/L by this experimental conditions. Moreover most residents were used to drink boiled water,so heating defluoridation was of great value to develop in practical use.

关 键 词：镁 降氟率 影响因素 氟中毒 饮水型 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]